上海促进就业政策浅析.doc

上海促进就业政策浅析 【摘要】上海从很早起就将促进就业作为城市政府的主要政策手段采取了一 系列强有力的措施，形成了促进就业的“上海模式”。木文主要从四个方血对上海促进就业 政策进行了分析： 第一部分阐释研究上海促进就业政策的意义。木文认为，上海实施促进就业政策，在 克服“市场失灵”和“政府失灵”方面破解了不少难题，这对于公共政策学研究而言，既提 供了一个很好案例，有利于对当前城市就业政策运作的深入理解，又能从其创新实践屮探索 转轨经济条件下国内公共政策运作的未来模式。 第二部分勾勒上海促进就业政策的基木框架。1996年以来，上海制订实施的促进就业 政策总体上可以划分为两种形态：一是突出政府责任的促进就业政策，另一种是突岀社会责 任的促进就业政策。 第三部分总体评估上海促进就业政策实施成效。首先确定适用评估的六个标准：效能 标准、效率标准、充分标准、公正标准、冋应性标准、适当性标准。按照这些标准，对上海 促进就业政策进行了评估。 第四部分分析了上海面临的就业形势和问题，并提出完善促进就业政策的建议：制订 地方性促进就业法规、多渠道增加就业容量、全面提升劳动者技能素质、加大对就业困难群 体的援助力度、完善积极的灵活就业方式、规范外来劳动力的使用、进一步完善上海的社会 保障体系。 【关键词】 促进就业、公共政策、政策评佔 ANALYSIS ON EMPLOYMENT PROMOTIONPOLICIES IN SHANGHAI ABSTRACT With the acceleration of economical globalization and a new round of structural adjustment, the worlds employment situation has been quite severe since 1990s. The governments in various countries place employment promotion in a strategic position of their development, trying hard to promote employment, enhancing construction of human resources, and strengthening the construction of both employment service system and legal system of labor market. Since Chinas style of economy is being changed, the employment pressure is very obvious. Therefore, employment proniotion gradually becomes one of the government^ key policies. As one of the oldest industrial bases in China, there are a lot of state-owned enterprises and employees with secure jobs in Shanghai. The employment contradiction of Shanghai is especially evident. Thus, employment promotion has already been one of municipal government^ major policies? A series of powerful governmental intervention methods have been adopted? For example, the governments and social responsibilities in employment promotion have been strengthened, the socialized career training in ternet has bee n established, and public-welfare projects for creating jobs have been undertaken. Shanghai Moder in employment promotion has been formed. Shanghais policies on employment promotion are analyzed in this article from the followi