英国文学8.2 讲解sonnet 18.pptVIP

When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee. 因你芳名已成不朽诗篇。 只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛， 这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。 An important theme of this sonnet is the praise about the eternal beauty of “thee”. Another theme is the power of the speaker’s poem to defy time and last forever. 诗人表达了这样一种思想： 美丽的事物可以依靠文学的力量而永远不朽； 文学是人所创造的，因此这有宣告了人的不朽。 一个重读音节与一或两个轻读音节按一定的模式搭配起来，有规律地反复出现就是英文诗歌的节奏。 某种固定的轻重搭配叫“音步”（foot），一行诗中轻重搭配出现的次数叫音步数（meter)。 轻读音节是“抑”，重读音节是“扬”，如一轻一重，为抑扬格。英语中有大量的单词，其发音都是一轻一重，如adore, excite, above, around, appear, besides, attack, supply, believe, return等，所以用英语写诗，用抑扬格就很便利。 也就是说，抑扬格很符合英语的发音规律。因此，在英文诗歌中用得最多的便是抑扬格，百分之九十的英文诗都是用抑扬格写成的。  Meter and Feet The meter of a verse can be described as a sequence of feet, each foot being a specific sequence of syllable types. 某种固定的轻重搭配叫“音步”（foot)。一行诗中轻重搭配出现的次数叫音步数”（meter) 。 英文诗行的长度范围一般是一至五音步 一音步诗：monometer 二音步诗：dimeter 三音步诗：trimeter 四音步诗：tetrameter 五音步诗：pentameter For example, the most common meter in English poetry, the iambic pentameter, is a sequence of five iambic feet, consisting of an unstressed syllable and a stressed syllable. 如果一个音步中有两个音节，前者为轻，后者为重，则这种音步叫抑扬格音步，其专业术语是（iambic）。 轻读是“抑”，重读是“扬”，一轻一重，故称抑扬格。 Shall I│compare│ thee to │a sum│mer’s day?  Comedy a play written chiefly to amuse its audience by appealing to a sense of superiority over the characters depicted. A comedy will normally be closer to everyday life than a tragedy, and will explore common human failings rather than tragedy’s disastrous crimes. Its ending will usually be happy for the leading characters. Among its less sophisticated forms are burlesque 讽刺模仿and farce 闹剧. Sonnet 18 By William Shakespeare William Shakespeare (1564—1616) “All the world s a stage, / And all the men and women merely players.” ——William Shakespeare William Shakespeare(1564—1616) 1.His life 2.His literary career 3.Features of his drama 4.Text Study: Hamlet 5.His Poems 6.Text Study: Sonnet 18 5