名词性从句 高考英语一轮复习语法专题十教学PPT课件.pptx

专题十　名词性从句考向分析 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。高考对名词性从句的考查主要体现在对what,that,whether,whatever,whichev-er,when,where,how等引导词的考查上,其中what和that是考查的重点。名词性从句的引导词单句填空考点清单语境运用1.It is often the case 　thatanything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 答案　that????句意:对于那些总是不放弃希望的人来说,发生任何事情都是有可能的,这是很常见的。考查主语从句。本句中it为形式主语,“??anything is possible for those who hang on to hope”为真正的主语;该从句结构完整,故由that引导。2.A warm thought suddenly came to me 　thatI might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday.答案　that　句意:我突然有了一个很温馨的想法,我可以为我朋友的妈妈的六十大寿买些鲜花。本题考查同位语从句。“?I might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday”作a warm thought的同位语。该从句不缺任何成分,故用that引导。单句改错3.It is obvious to the students what they should get well prepared for their future.　what→that答案　what→that　在题干中,it为形式主语,真正的主语为students之后的主语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作为引导词,what应改为that。4.The notice came around two in the afternoon which the meeting would be postponed.　which→that答案　which→that　在题干中,afternoon之后为notice的具体内容,即同位语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作为引导词。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,从句要用陈述句语序。名词性从句的引导词如下表所示:用法精讲 引导词功能从属连词that在从句中不作任何句子成分,没有词汇意义whether, if在从句中不作任何句子成分,意为“是否”because在从句中不作任何句子成分,意为“因为”连接代词who(ever),whom, what(ever), whose, which(ever)who(ever)和what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;whom在从句中作宾语;which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语;whose在从句中作定语连接副词when(ever), where, wherever, why,how在从句中作状语考点一????that引导的名词性从句1.that引导主语从句时,在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何词汇意义,但一般不可省略;that引导宾语从句时无词义,在从句中不作任何句子成分,口语中一般可以省略,但下列情况不能省略。(1)动词后跟多个that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省略,从第二个从句开始不可省略that;(2)宾语从句前有插入语时。We hope, on the contrary, that you will refuse to help him. 恰恰相反,我们希望你能拒绝帮助他。【点津】sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised等表示“态度、情感”的形容词后也可接宾语从句。I am sure that you will make it in spite of all kinds of difficulties.尽管有各种各样的困难,我确信你会成功的。2.为了平衡句子结构,that引导主语从句时常用it作形式主语,that不可省略。常见的句式有以下几种:(1)It+be+名词+that从句(如:It is a fact/pity/shame/surprise that...);(2)It+be+形容词+that从句(如:It is clear/important/necessary/obvious/pos-sible/strange that...);(3)It+be+过去分词+that从句(如:It is believed/reported/sa