新译林版英语八年级下册1-3单元语法.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Unit1---Unit3 Grammar 1 The Present Perfect Tense We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past(在一个确切的过去时间). Past present Eddie was born four years ago. We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and still have some connection with the present与现在有一些联系. Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. He has cleaned our classroom.(It’s clean now.) present Past Past present 4 years 一、现在完成时的构成1现在完成时的肯定句句型 主语（第一、二人称单、复数）+have  主语（第三人称复数） +have +过去分词 主语（第三人称单数） +has We have lived in Beijing. He has lived in Beijing. I have finished my homework. 2现在完成时的否定句 句型 主语+have/has+not+过去分词+…… I have not seen the movie yet. He hasn’t been to Beijing . 现在完成时的一般疑问句 句型 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+…. Have you finished the work? Has she arrived here? Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t. Unit 1 4现在完成时的特殊疑问句 句型 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+……. How many times have you been to the Great Wall? have/has been to 曾经去过某地 have/has gone to 已经去了某地 have/has been（ in ） 已经在某地多久 1.He ( ) the USA twice. 2.Where is Tom? He ( )the bookshop. 3.Sandy ( ) Nanjing for a long time. has been to has gone to has been in 完成时中的延续性动词与非延续性动词 .延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did y