清华大学有限元分析课件5-5 Recovery of Stresses_313106420.pdfVIP

第5章 矢量场问题的有限元格式 5.5 应力恢复 Recovery of Gradients and Stresses [OCZ]-14.3 Finite Element Method 5.5 应力恢复 h l  The Galerkin finite element solution u possesses the following properties: Ø  The displacements are best sampled at the nodes of the element. Ø  The best accuracy is obtainable for gradients or stresses at the Gauss points corresponding, in order, to the polynomial used in the solution Ø  Such points are superconvergent, at which the order of the convergence of the function or its gradients is one order higher than that which would be anticipated from the approximate polynomial. p 1 2 2/9 School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University Finite Element Method 5.5 应力恢复 l  Obtain accurate quantities elsewhere within each element ? [OCZ]:14.3 * ! l  Interpolationσ = N σ u l  Averaged at nodes with some weighting procedures l  Extrapolating the Gauss point values [Hinton and Campbell, 1974] l  Least square [Brauchli and Oden, 1973] *  σ = Nσ should represent in a least square sense the actual FE stress σˆ = DBd * ˆ T * ˆ  T T min ∫Ω (σ −σ ) (σ −σ ) dΩ Aσ − Cd = 0 A = ∫Ω N N dΩ C = ∫Ω N DB dΩ l  Superconvergent patch recovery – SPR [Zienkiewicz and Zhu, 1992] Direct polynomial smoothing of the superconvergent values within a patch of elements p Recovered soluti