2021届新高考高三全科专题练习系列Ⅱ13阅读理解之细节理解题（解析版）.docx

13阅读理解之细节理解题 (1)文章细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。 (2)命题人员会要求考生根据不同的要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。 (3)这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右。 1.直接信息题 【典例】（2020·山东卷A篇节选） 50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight. What will each of the honorable mention winners get? A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo. C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart. 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据50 Honorable Mentions这一段“Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight”，由此可知，纪念奖是送的T恤，故选C。 【点拨】第一步：依据题干信息，选择定位关键词 细节理解题直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查，且题目相对简单，所以，不必通篇细读全文，可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词，动词和数词，即问题的核心信息。 第二步：依据关键词，回原文定位信息进行比对 确定了定位关键词后，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干有关的关键词，回到原文进行信息定位，然后将选项内容与原文信息比对，得出正确答案。 2.间接信息题 【典例】（2020·山东卷B篇节选） Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that’s pretty powerful. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? 　A. Her health. B. Her time with family. 　C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion. 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“ Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ”，可知，主人公为了学业，不能陪伴孩子，故选B。 【点拨】间接信息题相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。此类题目需要考生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。 3.数字计算题 【典例】（2020·山东卷A篇节选） 3 Grand Prizes: Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip