ap宏观经济学电子讲义.pdf

在线 [ koolearn. ]网络课堂 系列 宏观经济学 AP 宏观经济学电子讲义 主讲：于宁 欢迎使用 在线 Microeconomics ▪ Microeconomics is the study of how individual households and firms make decisions and how they interact with one another in markets. Macroeconomics ▪ Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole. ▪ Its goal is to explain the economic changes that affect many households, firms, and markets at once. ▪ Macroeconomics answers questions like the following: ▪ Why is erage in e high in some countries and low in others? ▪ Why do prices rise rapidly in some time periods while they are more stable in others? ▪ Why do production and employment expand in some years and contract in others? The Economy’s In e and Expenditure ▪ When judging whether the economy is doing well or poorly, it is natural to look at the total in e that everyone in the economy is earning. ▪ For an economy as a whole, in e must equal expenditure because:  Every transaction has a buyer and a seller.  Every dollar of spending by some buyer is a dollar of in e for some seller. The Measurement of Gross estic Product ▪ Gross estic product (GDP) is a measure of the in e and expenditures of 在线 [ koolearn. ]网络课堂 系列 宏观经济学 an economy. ▪ It is the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time. The equality of in e and e