小型立体加工中心的换刀装置设计与控制研究.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 32 题 目： 小型立体加工中心的换刀装置设计与控制研究 摘 要 本论文主要是研究设计小型立式加工中心自动换刀装置，要保证其空间利用率小、价格实惠、运行时间短。首先对小型立式加工中心的发展现状和未来发展方向做了介绍，接下来对自动换刀装置的发展意义和其应用前景做了描述，最后进一步对小型立式加工中心自动换刀装置总体结构进行分析选择，并对传动部分的零部件进行设计计算与校核。 查阅相关资料。通过对各种类型的刀库、机械手结构进行分析比较，清楚的知道加工中心上大多选用圆盘型刀库，结构紧凑，定位精度高。回转式单臂双手机械爪装卸刀动作可共同进行，换刀动作少，缩短了换刀时间。在此基础上明确总体设计方案。选择圆盘式刀库和回转式单臂双手机械手，并对刀库的涡轮蜗杆轴进行设计计算与校核。 根据机械手及刀库的工作原理及要求，制定合理高效的可编程序控制器的控制方案，并不断对程序进行调试，保证 PLC 对自动换刀的精准控制。 关键词：加工中心；自动换刀装置；蜗轮蜗杆；PLC控制 PAGE PAGE IV ABSTRACT This thesis is mainly to study and design the automatic tool changer for small vertical machining centers, to ensure that the space utilization rate is small, the price is affordable, and the running time is short. First, the development status and future development direction of the small vertical machining center are introduced. Next, the development significance and application prospect of the automatic tool changer are described. Finally, the overall structure of the automatic tool changer of the small vertical machining center is further described. Carry out analysis and selection, and carry out design calculation and verification of the transmission parts. Check related information. Through analysis and comparison of various types of tool magazines and manipulator structures, it is clear that most of the machining centers use disc-type tool magazines, which have a compact structure and high positioning accuracy. Rotary single-arm two-handed mechanical claw loading and unloading can be carried out together, with fewer tool changes and shortened tool change time. On this basis, the overall design plan is clarified. Choose disc-type tool magazine and rotary single-arm two-handed manipulator, and design calculation and check the turbine worm shaft of the tool magazine. According to the working principles and requirements of the manipulator and the tool magazine, a reasonable and efficient programmable controller control program is formulated, and the program is continuously debugged to ens