antipsychotic drugs cunicz：抗精神病药物cunicz.pptVIP

Antipsychotic drugs;Positive Symptoms Hallucinations Delusions (bizarre, persecutory) Disorganized Thought Perception disturbances Inappropriate emotions;Positive/active symptoms include thought disturbances, delusions, hallucinations Negative/passive symptoms include social withdrawal, loss of drive, diminished affect, paucity of speech. impaired personal hygiene;DSM-IV Diagnosis;Prevalence of Schizophrenia;Prognosis of Schizophrenia;Etiology;Biological Treatment;Schizophrenia Pathophysiology;Dopaminergic Pathways and Innervation;Schizophrenia - Dopamine Hypothesis;A strong correlation between the affinity of antipsychotic drugs for DA receptors and their clinical potency But no clear and consistent abnormality in DA function has been detected in schizophrenic patients. Some early studies with postmortem tissue revealed increased numbers of DA receptors (in particular D2-like) in schizophrenic patients, but there are serious problems with these findings. But long-term administration of antipsychotics produces increases in D2 receptors in animals. The reduction in cortical dopamine transmission (both at the pre- and postsynaptic level) in the chronic PCP model seems to be consistent with some findings in schizophrenic patients Reduced cortical dopamine transmission induced by long-term PCP exposure may be associated with a hyperactivity of subcortical dopamine systems ;Other transmitter systems involved..;Serotonergic Pathways and Innervation;correlation between DA affinity and antipsychotic efficacy has become weaker as a result of recently developed atypical antipsychotic medications that also show substantial affinity for 5HT2 receptors Alteration of 5-HT transmission in the brains of schizophrenics patients have been reported in post-mortem studies and serotonin-agonists challenge studies There are widespread and complex changes in the 5-HT system in schizophrenics patients These changes suggest that 5-HT dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of the