国际课程课件系列之物理boardworks Heating and Cooling.ppt

Ideas about heat What is temperature? What is heat? Designing a conduction experiment Conduction in metals Explaining convection Absorbing radiation Infrared goggles Changes of state – heating curve Changes of state – heating curve Using thermograms to investigate heat loss Examining insulation Examining insulation Photo credit: ? 2008 Jupiterimages Corporation * * * Photo credit: ? 2008 Jupiterimages Corporation Worksheet 3 accompanies this slide. This worksheet suggests how students can investigate heat loss by attempting to insulate a shoebox. Glossary: conduction – The way that heat travels through solids, which is possible because their particles are close together. conductor – A material that allows heat to flow through it easily. convection – The way that most heat travels through liquids and gases, which is possible because their particles are free to move. emit – To give out energy. heat – A form of energy that moves between objects of different temperatures, measured in joules (J). insulator – A material that does not allow heat to flow through it easily. radiation – The transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves. It is a method of heat transfer in which the heat energy does not need a medium through which to travel. temperature – How hot or cold an object is, measured in degrees Celsius (°C). Photo credit: Alfred Pasieka / Science Photo Library Thermogram of a house showing the distribution of heat over its surface. The colour coding ranges from white to yellow for the warmest areas (greatest heat loss) through red to purple and green for the coolest areas (greatest insulation). This thermogram shows that the roof and windows (yellow) are poorly insulated, while the walls (red, purple and green) are losing the least heat. Thermograms are often used to check houses for heat loss, so that they can be made more energy efficient through improved insulation. Photo credit (making tea thermogram): ? TONY MCCONNELL/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY Photo credit (elephant