7蛋白质降解和氨基酸代谢.pptVIP

①还原脱氨基作用 在无氧条件下，某些含有氢化酶的微生物能利用还原脱氨基方式使AA脱去氨基。 ②脱水脱氨基作用 Ser、Thr脱氨基也可经脱水方式完成，催化该反应的酶以磷酸吡哆醛为辅酶。 ③由解氨酶催化的脱氨基反应 Phe解氨酶催化Phe 、Tyr发生脱氨，生成肉桂酸和香豆酸进一步转变成木质素和单宁等植物次生物质。当植物组织照光后，Phe解氨酶水平显著增加。 (5) 脱酰胺基作用 Individual cellular proteins turn over (are degraded and re-synthesized) at different rates. N-end rule: On average, a proteins half-life correlates with its N-terminal residue. Proteins with N-terminal Met, Ser, Ala, Thr, Val, or Gly have half lives greater than 20 hours. Proteins with N-terminal Phe, Leu, Asp, Lys, or Arg have half lives of 3 min or less. ? PEST proteins having domains rich in Pro