年产10万吨正丁醇生产工艺的设计.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 76 年产10万吨正丁醇生产工艺的设计 摘 要 正丁醇（CH3CH2CH2CH2OH）是一种没有颜色透明的、有酒气味的重要有机化工原料，涉及到生活中的方方面面，是多种涂料的溶剂和制增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二甲酯不可缺少的原材料，同样良好作用在有机合成中间体和生物化学药的萃取剂，也是生产醋酸丁酯、丙烯酸丁酯、乙二醇丁醚的原料，另外还可以用来生产表面活性剂。 本设计中进行对正丁醇的几种生产工艺方案的详细对比后，选择低压羰基合成工艺方法，以合成气（H2、CO）和丙烯为原料，选取三苯基膦铑催化剂，合成正丁醛，再精制粗正丁醛，然后加氢生成正丁醇，实现正丁醇生产工艺的设计。根据项目设计年产量的要求，通过把物料衡算、能量衡算和设备选型初步计算运用在设计中，测算车间以及设备的基础参数。同时对正丁醇的生产过程中产生的三废也进行了简单处理说明；对正丁醇单元进行了简单的安全性分析。并画出了关联设计单元的PID图、PFD图、和关键设备图和车间平面布置图。 关键词：正丁醇；三苯基膦铑；低压羰基合成；物料衡算；设备选型 The productive technology of 100,000 tons n-butyl alcohol per year Abstract N-butyl alcohol (CH3CH2CH2CH2OH) is a colorless, transparent, wine smell of important organic chemical raw materials, involving every aspect of life, is a variety of coating solvent dimethyl phthalate plasticizer and important raw materials, also used in the manufacture of butyl acetate, butyl acrylate and ethylene glycol butyl ether as well as intermediates in organic synthesis, and biological aspects such as the extraction solvent of chemical medicine also has a relatively good application, and also used in the manufacture of surfactant. After the detailed comparison of several production processes of n-butyl alcohol in this design, the synthesis process of low-pressure carbonyl group was adopted. The synthesis process of n-butyl alcohol was carried out by taking syngas and propylene as raw materials, using the catalyst of triphenylphosphine rhodium to synthesize n-butyraldehyde, then refining the crude n-butyraldehyde, hydrogenation to prepare n-butyl alcohol, and the design of the production process of n-butyi alcohol was developed. According to the requirements of the project design annual output, the material balance, energy balance and equipment selection are mainly calculated in the design, and the basic parameters of the workshop and equipment are obtained. At the same time, the three wastes produced in the production process of n-butanol were also briefly treated. The safety of n-butanol unit was analyzed simply. The PID d