3.2 医学微生物学The metabolism of bacteria.pdfVIP

The metabolism of bacteria Do you know how bacteria metabolize? whats the use of their metabolites? Bacterial metabolism including catabolism and anabolism The process by which nutrients are broken down and converted into energy: catabolism The energy produced is used for the synthesis of cellular components: anabolism 1 Bacterial energy metabolism Fermentation: using organic matter as the hydrogen acceptor Breathing: using inorganic matter as the hydrogen acceptor Aerobic and anaerobic respiration The energy metabolism of bacteria mainly includes the glycolytic pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway. 2 Bacterial metabolite （1 ） Bacterial metabolites and biochemical reactions Various bacteria have different enzymes and different ability to decompose nutrients, so their metabolites are different. According to this feature, biochemical methods are used to identify different bacteria as bacterial biochemical reaction tests. （2）Bacterial metabolites and their medical significance Pyrogen. A substance synthesized by bacteria, which is injected into the human body to cause a febrile reaction. Most of them are lipopolysaccharide from G-bacteria. Pyrogen is resistant to high temperature, high pressure steam sterilization can not be broken (121 ℃, 20 min), 250 ℃ high temperature dry baking to destroy it. Toxins and invasive enzymes Endotoxin - G lipopolysaccharide Exotoxin Protein produced by G+ and a few G- Invasive enzyme Damages body tissues and promotes bacterial invasion and spread, such as lecithinase (C. perfringens), hyaluronidase (streptococci)。 Pigment: Staphylococcus aureus - golden yellow pigment (fat soluble)