外研版选修高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评四十Module～.docVIP

精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 核心素养测评四十 Module 4～6 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 People possess the same physical organs for sensing the world: we have eyes for seeing, ears for hearing, noses for smelling. But does everyone really sense the world in exactly the same way? Two linguists, Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf, didn’t think so. They believed that people’s perception(感知) of the world depends very much on the language they speak. They believed that language is essentially like a pair of eyeglasses; it influences the way we “see” the world. Take a rainbow for example. We see six colors in it. But is that all? Do you see any others? In many cultures, speakers of different languages might tell you there are more than six colors, or they might tell you there are less! The two linguists went to Mexico to investigate this perception of color, comparing the difference between English speakers and the people in Mexico. The Mexicans use one word for the two words English uses for blue and green. They label blue and green as one color. So, they saw five colors in a rainbow. Another famous example shows how language can be a reflection of concepts important to a particular culture. Americans and the British use only a few terms to describe snow: snow, sleet, freezing rain, and a few others. Eskimos, on the other hand, have many words to describe snow. Snow that is falling, on the ground, in blocks, and snow that makes wavy patterns—each are explained through separate words. Snow is an important part of Eskimo life and its culture. Thus it is necessary that Eskimos have the vocabulary to specifically describe it. Language influences thought, but it doesn’t determine what concepts we’re able to think of. If we don’t have a particular word in our language, it just takes more time and more words for us to describe that concept. It is a problem of translation, not of our ability to be able to imagine the concept. 【文章大意】本文是说明文。两个语言学家经过