Unit 1 Festivals and celebrations语法探索+写作指导--2020-2021学年人教版（2019）必修第三册.docVIP

Unit 1-Festivals and celebrations 语法探索+写作指导 【语法探索--现在分词动名词作表语定语】 【要义详析】 　　动词-ing由“动词原形+-ing” 构成。动词-ing形式可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语, 但不能单独作谓语。 ★★动词-ing形式作表语 一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。 *The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。 *The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。 *Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。 *Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 ★★动词-ing形式作定语 如果是单个的动词-ing形式作定语, 常放在被修饰词前作前置定语; 如果是动词-ing形式短语作定语, 则放在被修饰词后作后置定语。 *Make less noise. There’s a sleeping child. 不要发出太大声音, 有个正在睡觉的孩子。 *He asked me an embarrassing question. 他问了我一个令人尴尬的问题。 *The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper. 坐在约翰和玛丽之间的那个年轻小伙子是校园报的编辑。 *The man being questioned is connected with the traffic accident. 正在被提问的那个人和这起交通事故有关。 *The patient has stayed in the waiting room for half an hour. 那个病人在等候室里已经待了半小时。 *There is a swimming pool behind the beautiful garden. 在这个美丽的花园后面有一个游泳池。 【易错精点】 1. 表示感情的动词-ing形式作定语时, 表示“令人……的”, 此类动词-ed形式作定语时, 表示“感到……的”。 2. 动词-ing形式作定语如果与被修饰的词之间是被动关系, 且强调动作正在进行就用动词-ing形式的被动式, 即being done的形式。 【知识延伸】 动词-ing形式作定语的两种作用 1. 用来说明被修饰的名词 a waiting room = a room for waiting等候室 a walking stick = a stick for walking拐杖 a sleeping car=a car for sleeping卧铺 2. 指所修饰的名词正在进行的动作, 与被修饰词之间是主动关系, 可以换成定语从句的形式 a man waiting at the stop= a man who is waiting at the stop在停车点等候的人 a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping 正在睡觉的孩子 【活学活用】 ★★单句语法填空 (1)It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly. (2)Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. (3)Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). (4)A person _______ (run) regularly in the morning is healthier than a non-runner. (5)The __________ (frighten) scene shocked us. (6)Going camping is __________ (interest) and _______ (excite). 参考答案： Amazing Wasting Annoying Running Frightening Interesting；exciting ★★句型转换 (1)The taxi that took us to the airport broke down. →The taxi ______us to the airport broke down. (2