2020-2021学年外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit2 单元语法非谓语动词doing 作状语及定语（含答案）.docxVIP

高一英语语法专题------非谓语动词doing 作状语及定语 一、V-ing的不同形式 (以doing为例) (not)doing 一般式主动 (not)being done 一般式被动 (not)having done 完成式主动 (not)having been done完成式被动 二、作状语 现在分词可作状语，表示原因、时间、方式、伴随情况、结果或条件等，相当于与之相对应的状语从句，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，二者之间是主动关系。 ①Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai. =When they heard the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai. ②Arriving in Paris, I lost my way. =___When I arrived in Paris,_____________________________________ 1.时间状语 _Walking _(walk) in the park, she came across an old friend. __Having bought________(buy) a book, I decided to take the bus home. While__playing____ cards（play）, he was bitten by a mosquito. They got engaged when __travelling_______(travel) in Europe. ▲①v-ing形式作时间状语时，相当于_时间状语______从句，可转化成这种从句； ②动作如果和谓语动作_同时_发生或者__之后_发生，常用v-ing形式的一般式； ③强调v-ing形式表示的动作___先发生__，用v-ing形式的完成式。 2.原因状语 ①__Being______(be) poor, he couldn’t afford a computer. =__Because__he was poor, he couldn’t afford a computer. ②Having smoked too much, he has suffered from lung cancer. =__Because he smoked too much, _....___ ③Because I don’t know her address, I might as well telephone her to come over. =__Not knowing her address, ...._________________________________ v-ing作原因状语时，相当于一个__原因状语_____从句，亦可转化为这种从句。表示原因的v-ing形式短语一般置于句首。 3.方式、伴随状语 ①He came __running_(run) all the way. =He came and was running all the way. ②He walked the river, singing softly to himself. = He walked the river and sang softly to himself. ▲作_方式__状语或_伴随____状语，用来说明发生的背景或情况，且均可转化为并列谓语。 ①He opened the door by __breaking the lock____________(破坏了锁). ②There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _staring_(stare) at the night sky. 4.结果状语 The big fire lasted nearly a month, __leaving (leave) nothing valuable. ▲v-ing形式作结果状语，常置于句末；表随着谓语动词发生而产生的必然结果； 注意：不定式和v-ing形式均可作结果状语： She fell off the bike, breaking her left leg. I woke up in the morning, to find the outside world greatly changed. ▲不定式表_出乎意料____的结果，而v-ing是指__自然而然_的后果。 The boy fell, _striki