2021高考英语大纲规定的24个语法梳理.pdfVIP

2021高考英语大纲规定的24个语法梳理 连词是虚词，不能在句中单独担任成分，只起连接作用。按其用法，连词可分为两大类：并列连词 和从属连词。 1 并列连词 连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。 ⒈ 并列关系：and，not only…but also…，both…and…，neither…nor… 如：I used to live in Paris and London. Both Jane and Jim are interested in fishing. The weather here is neither too cold nor too hot. She is not only kind but also honest. ⒉ 转折关系：but，yet，while （然而），when （然而，偏偏） 如：The car is very old but it runs very fast. The problem was a little hard,yet I was able to work it out. The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm. Why did you borrow the book when you had one? ⒊ 选择关系：or，not…but…，either…or… 如：Would you like to live or would you like to stay? He is not a teacher but a writer. You can come either on Saturday or on Sunday. ⒋ 因果关系：fo 如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet now. The leaves of the trees are falling. for already autumn. 5. 区别 ① and 和 o ⑴ 并列结构中，o 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。 ⑵ 但有时 and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点： 如：There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon. 在否定中并列结构用 o 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用 and。 判断改错： （错)We will die without air and water. （错）We cait live without air or water. （对）We will die without air or water. （对)We cant live without air and water. ② 表示选择的并列结构 ⑴ o 意思为“否则。 I must work hard,or I will fail in the exam. ⑵ either，o 意思为”或者……或者……注意谓语动词采用就近原则。 Either you or I am right. ③ 表示转折或对比 ⑴ but 表示转折，while 表示对比。 Some people love cats,while others hate them. ⑵ not…but…意思为“不是……而是……not 和 but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。 They were not the bones of an animal,but(the bones) of a human being. ③ 表原因关系 ⑴ for 是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。 判断改错： （错）For he is ill,he is absent today. （对）He is absent today,for he is ill. ④ so,therefore 如：He hurt his leg, so he coudnt play in the game. 注意：a. 两个并列连词不能连用，但 therefore，then，ye 可以和并列连词连用。 You can watch TV, and /or you can go to bed. b.although，ye 但 although 不能与 bu 连用。 ⑤ 注意： not only，but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词 n