世贸组织架构及其运行机制.pptxVIP

第二讲 世贸组织架构及运行机制 ;WTO是什么;The World Trade Organization came into being in 1995. One of the youngest of the international organizations, the WTO is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) established in the wake of the Second World War. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade between nations. Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. ;WTO的法律框架;WTO的组织架构;6;; WTO的宗旨 1.提高生活水平，保证充分就业，大幅度稳步地提高实际收入和有效需求； 2.扩大货物、服务的生产和贸易； 3.促进WTO成员市场开放，实现世界范围内贸易自由化 4.坚持走可持续发展之路，各成员应促进对世界资源的最优利用，保护和维护环境，并以符合不同经济发展水平下各自成员需要的方式，加强采取各种相应的措施。 5.积极努力以确保发展中国家，尤其是最不发达国家，在国际贸易增长中获得与其经济发展水平相应的份额和利益。 ; WTO的职能;The WTO’s overriding objective is to help trade flow smoothly, freely, fairly and predictably It does this by: Administering trade agreements Acting as a forum for trade negotiations Settling trade disputes Reviewing national trade policies Assisting developing countries in trade policy issues, through technical assistance and training programmes Cooperating with other international organizations ;Special policies of WTO The WTOs main functions are to do with trade negotiations and the enforcement of negotiated multilateral trade rules (including dispute settlement). Special focus is given to five particular policies supporting these functions: ?Assisting developing and transition economies ?Specialized help for export promotion ?Cooperation in global economic policy-making ?Routine notification when members introduce new trade measures or alter old ones.?Keeping the public informed;10 benefits of the WTO trading system From the money in our pockets and the goods and services that we use, to a more peaceful world — the WTO and the trading system offer a range of benefits, some well-known, others not so obvious. The ten benefits include: 1. The system helps promote peace2. Disputes are handled constructively3. Rules make life ea