文化市场营销第二章企业组织与文化.pptxVIP

第二章 企业组织与文化§1 组织的基础主要内容§2 组织结构设计§3 组织文化§1 组织的基础一、组织的含义 组织是为了达到某些特定目标经由分工与合作及不同层次的权力和责任制度，而构成的人的集合。二、劳动分工与协作1、传统的观点亚当·斯密的劳动分工思想泰勒的科学管理理论高生产率人员非经济影响专业化经济影响低低高劳动分工2、现代的观点3、工作设计（Job design） 将若干项工作任务组合起来构成一项完整的职位。 The specification of task activities associated with a particular jobApproaches to Job designJob simplification The process of configuring jobs so that jobholders have only a small number of narrow activities to performworker1worker2worker3Task3Task1Task2 Job simplification Approaches to Job designJob rotation the practice of periodically shifting workers through a set of jobs in a planned sequenceworker2worker3worker1Task3Task1Task2 Job rotation Approaches to Job designJob enlargement the allocation of a wider variety of similar tasks to a job in order to make it more challenging worker1worker2worker3Task1, 2, 3Task1, 2, 3Task1, 2, 3 Job enlargementApproaches to Job designJob enrichment the process of upgrading the job-task mix in order to increase significantly the potential for growth, achievement, responsibility and recognitionApproaches to Job design Team（集体工作小组）在特定的可操作的范围内，为实现特定目标而共同合作的人的共同体。三、管理幅度与组织层次管 理 幅 度(Span of management)：管理者直接指挥和监督的下属人数管理跨度(span of management)总 经 理管理层次(chain of management)指组织中职位等级的数目经 理经 理 职能部门化 产品部门化 地区部门化 顾客部门化 混合部门化四、部门化PresidentVice President ProductionVice President MarketingVice President FinanceFunctional Departmentalization总经理生产部门营销部门财务部门财务计预算成本会计综合会计物质采购生产计划 工艺、设备质量管理市场研究营销计划 广告与销售用户服务PresidentVice PresidentWashing MachineVice PresidentRefrigeratorVice PresidentAir--ConditionerProductProductProductSaleSaleSaleAccountAccountAccountProduct DepartmentalizationDirector of SalesManagerWholesale AccountsManagerGovernment AccountsManagerRetail AccountsCustomer DepartmentalizationPresidentVice President FinanceVice President ProductionVice President MarketingVice PresidentNorth AmericaVice President EuropeVice President AsiaGeographic Departmentalization五、职 权职权（authority） 由组织的规章制度和正式程序所确定的某个职位所拥有的决策、奖惩等权力。上下级之间的命