高考英语语法复习:虚拟语气课件.pptVIP

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高考英语语法复习 ——虚拟语气 教师: * 虚拟语气的分类 在表示一种纯然假想的情况或主观愿望时,动词需用一种特殊形式,称为虚拟语气。虚拟语气在形式上大致分为三类: 1) 现在虚拟语气——主要用动词原形: Good bless you. 愿上帝保佑你。 It is essential that the ban be lifted. 解除禁令至关重要。 She petitioned the king that her father be pardoned. 她恳求国王赦免她的父亲。 * 2) 过去虚拟语气——和陈述语气的过去式相同,但动词be要用were形式: Imagine your child played truant. 设想你的孩子逃学。 She treated me as though I were (was) a stranger. 她待我如陌生人。 If only I were not so nervous. 我要是不那么紧张就好了。 * 3) 过去完成形式——和陈述语句中的过去完成时相同: I wish I hadn’t done so. 但愿我没这样做。 If I had seen her, I would have told her. 如果我见到她,我就会告诉她了。 If only I had listened to your advice. 我要是听了你的劝告就好了。 有些情态动词,特别是should,would,might,could常用在虚拟语气中。 * 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 虚拟条件句 包含条件从句的句子都是条件句,有些条件句是可能实现的,如: If I have time I’ll come over to see you. 如果我有时间我就来看你。 If we leave now, we can still catch the train. 如果我们现在动身,还可能赶上火车。 I won’t go to the party unless they invite me. 除非他们邀请我,否则我不会参加这个晚会。 * If you are waiting for a bus you’d better join the queue. 如果你是在等车,你最好排队。 If he has written the letter, I’ll post it. 如果他已把信写好,我就去发。 * 这种条件句称为真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition)。另有一些条件句表示纯然假想的情况,称为虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition),在这类条件句中谓语动词就需要用虚拟语气: If I hadenough money, I would buy a computer. 如果我有足够的钱,我将买一台电脑。(但我没有) If you had arrived a little earlier, you would have seen her. 你要是早来一会儿就见到她了。 * 表示现在和将来情况的虚拟条件句 1) 表示现在或将来情况的虚拟条件句,动词形式可以下表表示: 条件从句中的谓语 主语谓语 相当于过去式形式 would +动词原形 这类句子或表示与事实相反的情况或实现可能性不大的情况: If I had a map I would lend it to you. 如果我有地图我就借给你。(但我没有) * If you left your bicycle outside, someone would steal it. 如果你把自行车放在外边,有人会偷的。(当然你不会这样做) If I dyedmy hair blue everyone would laugh at me. 如果我把头发染成蓝色,谁都会笑我的。(当然我不会干这样的傻事) If I lived near my office, I’d walk to work. 如果我住在办公室附近,我就会步行上班。 If I were you I’d plant some trees round the house. 如果我是你,我会在房子周围种些树。 * Note:在if I were you 这样的句子中,were不能改成was,但在第三人称单数后(如最后一句)用was也可以。 * 2) 在主句中谓语有时也可用might,could构成: If you tried again you might succeed. 如果再试一次,你可能会成功

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