语法填空解题技巧学案 高考英语一轮复习.docxVIP

语法填词解题技巧 一、语法填空考察知识点：动词过去式，时间状语从句引导词，过去分词，形容词副词比较级，动词与动名词的动宾搭配，连词，代词it, 冠词，情态动词表推测，动词短语习惯搭配。 二、解题思路：从外观上看，语法填空分为两种考查形式，即横线后有提示词，和横线后无提示词。思路即为密切联系上下文，找出关键词，再考虑语法和词义是否通顺。 1.有提示词：动词、名词、形容词和副词。 (1)若提示词为动词： a. 若句中没有别的谓语，那么所给动词就是谓语动词，此时考虑时态语态，和主谓一致。 e.g. The machine ____________ (equip) with security cameras, and looks like a mini shop with a grey roof. b. 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就说非谓语动词。（to do; doing; done）e.g. It took years of work __________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _________ (wear) sun glasses. I have never seen a more ________ (move) film. The headmaster went into the lab, _______ (follow) by the foreign guests. (2)若提示词为名词：a.需考虑可数和不可数（可数考虑单复数）；b.名词转化为形容词或副词。e.g. Just be _______ (patience). (3)若提示词为形容词/副词：a.形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词及整个句子; b.比较级和最高级；c.词性转换(形容词/名词/副词) d.反义词 e.g. Some women are talking to each other _______ (happy). Your mistake caused a lot of ____________ (necessary) work in the office. 2. 无提示词: 介词、代词、连词、冠词、情态动词、助动词和（实义动词）。 (1)若判断为介词：a.考虑基本意思; b. 固定搭配。(take care of, be proud of, take place in, the reason for…等) e.g. The new boy looked at the teacher _______ a few seconds. Do not laugh _______me. (2) 若判断为代词： a. it作形式主语及形式宾语，或用在固定句型中，并且和可以指天气，时间。 _______ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG. He found_____ easy to learn English well. ______ is of great importance to respect others. Look at the dark clouds! ______is going to rain. b. 若句子缺主语或宾语，一定填代词或名词(多考代词) 。此时注意单复数、男女区别。 Raise your leg and let ____ stay in the air for seconds. c. 当动作发出者和承受者为同一人或物，则用反身代词(-self/selves)；区别人称代词和物主代词(尤其形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词)；不定代词，注意other, the others, others, the other, another, either, neither, none, all等。还要注意one, ones, the ones, it, that, those, the one的用法。e.g. The temperature in Changsha is generally higher than ______ in Beijing.(3)若判断为连词：连词此处是并列连词和从句连接词的统称。(高频考的连词not…but, either…or, neither…nor, but, though, although, even if(though),if, in case, unless, because, and, but, o