“主谓一致”ppt教案课件.ppt

It is applicable to work report, lecture and teaching;Ⅰ.主谓一致三原则;2.意义一致原则：谓语的单复数不是由主语的单复数形式决定的，而是以主语的意义为准，如 people, police, cattle等形单意复的单词和news, politics, physics, maths等形复意单的单词。 The police protect the people from being attacked. 警察保护人民免受侵害。 He says that politics is the art of class struggle. 他说政治是阶级斗争的艺术。 Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里。;3.就近一致原则：句子中有多个并列主语，如连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only… but also, not… but等连接的并列主语，谓语的单复数形式取决于最靠近于它的词语。 Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat. 队员们或是教练应对失败负责。 Not only you but also I am planning to go camping. 不仅你，而且我也准备去野营。 Neither you nor he is wrong./Neither he nor you are wrong. 你和他/他和你都没错。;2.集合名词people, police, cattle作主语时，谓语动词总用复数。集合名词jewelry, clothing等作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，要表示具体数目，需用适当的量词。 Police are needed here. 这儿需要警察。 There is much jewelry in Jeanne’s house. 在珍妮家里有很多珠宝。 Article of clothing are found in the basket. 在篮子里发现了衣物。;Ⅱ.主谓一致常见规则;3.deer, fish, sheep, means(方法)等单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据其意义决定单复数。 A sheep is eating grass under the tree. 有只羊在树下吃草。 A flock of sheep are grazing now. 一群羊正在吃草。 4.the barber’s, the carpenter‘s, the teacher’s等名词所有格之后的名词被省略，一般表示商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，谓语一般用单数。 My uncle’s is on the third floor. 我舅舅家住三楼。 The Smiths’ is at the corner of the street. 史密斯家在接到拐弯处。 ;5.表示时间、距离、度量、金钱等名词作主语时，常常根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。 Three miles seems like a long walk to me . 对我来说，三英里像是走长路。 Twenty years in prison was the penalty he had to pay. 坐牢20年，是他不得不受到的惩罚。 注意：但在许多情况下，也可把这些复数名词看作一个个的个体，谓语用复数。 There were three pounds of milk in the refrigerator. 在冰箱里有三磅牛奶。 The past four weeks have been the driest in the country’s history. 过去的四个星期是这个国家历史上最干旱的时期。;6.用and连接的几个单数主语，如果有no, each或every等词修饰，谓语动词用单数。 In our school, every teacher and every student likes to play table tennis. 我们学校的师生都喜欢打乒乓球。 Every flower and every bush is to be cut down. 每棵花和灌木都得砍掉。 7.“many a/ more than one +单数名词”作主语时，一般接单数谓语动词。 Many a tre