《词汇学词义的分类及分析》ppt课件模板.pptVIP

Add the author and the accompanying title;Week 8;此文档后面有赠送常用PPT图标，方便大家修订排版编辑;Outline ;1 Types of Word Meaning词义的分类;词义分类的理论依据 Word meaning is made up of various components which are interrelated and interdependent. These components are commonly described as types of meaning. 词义由各种相互联系与相互依存的不同成分组成，这些成分就是词义的种类。;;1. Grammatical Meaning Lexical Meaning语法意义词汇意义;For example girls, winters, tables, joys We notice that word-forms, though denoting different objects of reality, have something in common. This common element is the grammatical meaning of plurality.;; For example go, goes, went, going, gone possess different grammatical meanings of tense, person, and so on, but in each of these forms we find one and the same semantic component. 所以，一个词在不同的语境中有不同的语法形式来表达不同的语法意义，但词汇意义却保持不变。 ;2. Conceptual Meaning Associative Meaning概念意义联想意义;Associative meaning is the secondary meaning supplemented to the conceptual meaning. It differs from the conceptual meaning in that it is open-ended and indeterminate, liable to the influence of such factors as culture, experience, religion, etc. 联想意义是概念意义的补充意义，是次要意义。它受语言外界因素如文化、经历、宗教、地域、出身、教育等的影响而变化，所以是开放性的，是不定的。;What are the sources of associative meanings?;;1) Connotative Meaning 内涵意义;英汉词语内涵比较 动物：Dragon / dog / Peacock / magpie 自然界：west wind / moonlight /moonshine 颜色词语：red / white / black / green / blue 数字词语：13 ;英语和汉语中结构相同但词义并不相同的词。 Sweet water / an old daughter/ dry goods white night / Indian summer / guinea pig Vice-chancellor / eat one’s words 颜色词要特别注意： 白菜/白熊/白蚁/白送/白开水 白饭/红运/红榜/红利;2) Stylistic Meaning文体意义;Compare the following two groups of synonyms.;3) Affective Meaning情感意义;Words that have emotive values may fall into two categories: 情感意义有2类：褒义和贬义 Appreciative pejorative/derogative. Words of positive overtones are used to show appreciation or the attitude of approval; 欣赏或肯定 Those of negative connotations imply disapproval, contempt or criticism. 否定、轻蔑或批评;little famous sl