高聚物合成原理、结构及应用高分子材料成型加工应用直流电机驱动系统.pdfVIP

3.1 Extruder Drive 53 A speed regulation of 0.01% can be achieved with a 1000:1 speed range using an encoder and with constant torque characteristics. FV drives have a better power fac- tor over the low speed range than DC drives because there is not the long delay in firing the SCRs to create a low DC voltage. FV drives provide constant torque up to the base speed, usually 1750 rpm. The 1750 base speed motors can operate in an extended speed range up to 3500 rpm. Low base speed vector duty motors with high horsepower have not become widely available at a competitive price. The cost of smaller FV drives is attractive; however, sizes over 100 hp tend to be more expen- sive than DC drives. Flux vector drives are available up to 400 hp. A further advan- tage of AC drives is that they do not require isolation transformers. 3.1.2„DC Motor Drive System Some early DC extruder drives used fixed-speed AC motors to drive DC generators that produced the variable voltage for the DC motor. Nowadays, the DC motor drives usually operate from a solid-state power supply, since this power supply is generally more cost-effective than the motor generator set. The DC motor drive can be simpler and cheaper than the variable frequency drive, even when the higher cost of the DC motor is included. The smaller number of solid-state devices tends to give the DC drive a better reliability than the variable frequency drive. Brushes and commutator maintenance is the principal drawback to the use of DC motors. If the drive has to be explosion-proof, the additional expense associated with this option may be quite large for a DC drive, more so than with a variable frequency AC drive or a hydraulic drive. A schematic of the DC drive is shown in Fig. 3.4. AC line DC motor SCR