CHEN对外合作能源基金会交通项目基础数据机动车统....pptxVIP

International Trends in Environmental Regulations for VehiclesSantiago, ChileMay 13, 2008Michael P. WalshInternational ConsultantChairman, Board of Directors,International Council on Clean Transportation Major Global TrendsEnvironmental Concerns IncreasingParticlesGlobal WarmingCleaner and Cleaner Technologies Entering MarketplaceHeavy Duty Diesel VehiclesPassenger CarsMotorcyclesCleaner Fuels Increasingly CriticalSulfur Levels Approaching ZeroLead Almost Gone; MMT Increasing ConcernGrowth of Vehicle Population in Shanghai, 1988-2002Most Vehicles Are In CitiesE:\Changhong CHEN\对外合作\能源基金会\交通项目\基础数据\机动车统计报表.xlsOne Result: Serious Health ConcernsWHO Concludes ~ 800,000 Premature Deaths Each Year From Urban PMNumerous Studies Consistently Link PM With Premature Deaths, Hospital Admissions, Asthma Attacks, Etc.No Evidence of a ThresholdOzone, NO2, Various Toxics Also Serious Health ConcernsPM10 in Major citiesSlide Source: Cohen et al, 2005BackgroundEnergy Demand in the Transport Sector: Annual Average Growth Rate (%) by Region 2004 - 20306In 2004,94 % of transport energy based on fossil oil.The share will only slightly decrease to 93 % in 2030. 54Growth (% p.a.)3210WorldIndiaChinaUSAJapanAfricaBrazilOECDRussiaDeveloping AsiaMiddle EastOECD EuropeOECD PacificLatin AmericaEuropean UnionTransition EconomiesOECD North AmericaDeveloping CountriesSource: IEA WEO 2006Carbon Dioxide is Not The Whole Story!Transportation sector priorities3 key interventionsFuel-efficient, low Emitting carsLow-carbon fuelsReduced vehicle-miles traveled through congestion pricing, Bus Rapid Transit, etc.Slide Technology Capable of Cleaning Vehicle Emissions Has Improved Dramatically in the Past 30-40 YearsThe Three-way Catalytic Converter: A Familiar Technology Re-Engineered for High Performance in Close-coupled and Underfloor ApplicationsLayered washcoat architectures and support materials with high thermal stabilityIntegrated HC adsorption functions Mounting materials with improved durability Hi