(创新设计XXXXXXXX学年高中英语配套课件：选修7Uni.pptxVIP

Unit 2 Robots Period 3　Grammar Writing 课件（人教版选修7，重庆专用）动词不定式的被动形式概述语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。一、被动语态的构成是：助动词be＋动词过去分词。被动句的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现，它必须与主语的人称和数一致，其变化规则与连系动词be完全一样。二、各时态的主、被动语态构成表A note was passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。 A power station has been set up in their hometown.他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。 My shoes had been cleaned by somebody.有人已把我的鞋子擦了。 My second boy will be sent to school next September.明年九月我将送我次子去读书。 I never thought that the information would be brought to me so early.我决没想到他那么早就会把资料带给我。The main building of the Northeast Engineering Institute is being repaired by the workers.工人们正在维修东北工学院主楼。 三、不定式被动形式的构成及用法Nobody likes to be laughed at.没有人喜欢被人嘲笑。She was glad to have been given so much help. 得到如此多的帮助，她很高兴。作主语Its a pity to be kept in the house in such fine weather. 在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾。作谓语The letter is to be sent by airmail.这封信要空邮。作宾语The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。1．2．3．作表语Her dream is to be sent to study abroad.她的梦想是被派往国外留学。作宾语补足语或主语补足语The captain ordered the flag to be hoisted.船长命令升旗。The book is said to have been translated into French.据说这本书已被译成了法语。4．5．作定语There were plans to be made at once.要立即制订计划。He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。作状语His mother left the small village，never to be seen again.他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没人见过她。Id like my bedroom to be cleaned.我想整理一下我的卧室。6．7．四、不定式的主动表被动用法1．动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系， 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 He has a family to support.(to support与family是动宾关系，与he是主谓关系。) 他要维持一个家庭。【温馨提示】　若句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式必须用被动式Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? (不定式的被动语态作定语，you不是post动作的执行者。)我要去邮局，你有信要寄吗？2．在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 That question is difficult to answer. 那个问题不容易回答。3．在too... to...结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。 This book is too e