词汇学期末考.docxVIP

— PAGE \* Arabic 1 — 词汇学期末考 1. Word单词: is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit that can be used on its won.  2. Vocabulary词汇: refers to all the words used in a particular kind of work, business, etc. or known to a particular person.  3. Morpheme词素: a morpheme is the minimal unit—an arbitrary union of a sound and a meaning that cannot be further analyzed.  Lexicology 词汇学research not only the structure and meaning of words but also their development, including their origin, history, change, their use and learning, and lexicography词典编撰者.  4. Free morphemes自由词素：are the morphemes which can be used by itself as a word.如book, wall, dog, bag.  5. Bond morphemes粘着词素：are the morphemes that cannot be used by its own as a word, that’s to say, they must combined with other morphemes.如tele-, -tive, -ful.  6. Content morphemes实意词素: are the morphemes that carry meaning, also often called open-class morphemes, because they are open to the invention of arbitrary new items.如nouns, verbs and adjectives.  7. Function morphemes功能词素: are the morphemes which signal the relations among words. We also called closed-class morphemes, because they are essentially closed to invention or borrowing.  8. Derivational morphemes派生词素：are the morphemes that can be added to a word to create a new word. This type of morphemes changes the meaning of the word or part of speech or both. 如the addition of –ness to happy creates happiness which is a noun turned from the adjective happy.  9. Inflectional morphemes曲折词素: are create morphemes that express grammatical meaning like tense, number, aspect and so on. 如-d in invited indicates past tense.  10. Root词根：is the basic form of word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity. It carries the main components of the meaning of a word. It can also be defined as the part of a word which remains after all the inflectional and derivational affixes have been removed.  11. Free roots自由词根：are the