英语词汇学期末考试复习资料.docxVIP

— PAGE \* Arabic 1 — 英语词汇学期末考试复习资料 1.A word will cover the following points:  1) A minimal free form of a language  2) A word is minimal free form of a language that has a given sound, meaning and syntactic function.  (A sound unity, A unit of meaning, A form that can function alone in a sentence);  3) A word is the smallest of the linguistic units which can occur on its own in speech or writing.  2.Classification of words:  1) Basic and non-basic word stock or vocabulary  2) Content/ lexical /open class words and function/grammatical/closed class words  3.What is involved in knowing a word?  1) Form;/ structure;/  2) meanings and semantic features associated with that word;  3) grammatical or syntactic behavior associated with that word;  4) network of associations between that word and other words;/ collocations;/ 5) limitations imposed on the use of word according to variations of function and situation;  6) the degree of probability of encountering that word in speech or print.  4.Morpheme can be classified as following:  5.English word-formation英语构词法  6.Derivation / Affixation派生法/词缀  negative: a- dis- non- un-  privative: de-dis-un- pejorative: mal- mis- pseudo-  prefixation and suffixation.前缀和后缀  Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to bases. A prefix is a letter or group of letters placed at the beginning of a word to change its meaning. Prefixes are frequently used to form new words.  7.Conversion 转类法  Conversion may be defined as a process by which a word belonging to one word class is transferred to another word class without any concomitant（伴随的）change of form. This process is also known as functional shift or zero-derivation. (零位派生) eg: bookstore was a must(v-n) for me. He downed(adv-v) his tools for a rest. He is a native(a-n)  Functions of conversion: to achieve compactness and efficiency, accuracy and specificity, vividness and exp