英语词汇学期末复习.docxVIP

— PAGE \* Arabic 1 — 英语词汇学期末复习 Chapter 1  Lexicology 词汇学  Context 语境  Pragmatics 语用学  Phoneme 音素  Morpheme 词素  Semantic fields 语义场  Lexicology: is the study of the vocabulary or lexicon of a given language.  Morphology 形态学  Semantics 语义学  Etymology 词源学  Lexicography 词典学  Morphology is the study of the forms of words and their components, is to look at morphemes and their arrangements in word formation.  构词法  Morphemes: the smallest meaningful units which may constitute words or parts of words.  最小的、有意义的构词单位  Semantics: is often defined as the study of meaning.  Etymology: is the study of the whole history of words.  Lexicography: is closely related to the words in a given language.  What is a word?  Word：is used traditionally to refer to a sequence of letters bounded by spaces.  以空格为界的字母序列  Word: an uninterruptible unit of structure consisting of one or more morphemes.  由一个或多个词素组成的不可分离的结构单元  Word: is viewed as a minimal free form which can occur in isolation and have meaning but which cannot be analyzed into elements which can occur alone and also have meaning. （除复合词）  最小的、有意义的、可独立存在的、不可分离的语言单位  Major features of words  A word is a sound or combination of sounds which we make voluntarily with our vocal equipment.  任意的、发声器官Pitch 音高Juncture 停顿  A word is symbolic and is used to stand for something else.  The word is uninterruptible unit  A word has to do with its social functional  A word may consist of one or more morphemes  Words are part of the large communication system we call language.  A word occurs typically in the structure of phrases  A word receives some of its meaning as it fills the grammatical slot in a sentence.  Syntax: 句法学  Discourse analysis: 语篇分析  Word classes  Closed classes: preposition pronoun determiner conjunction auxiliary verb  封闭词类:介词代词限定词连词助动词  Open classes: noun adjective