直接引语变间接引语的时态变化及高考.docxVIP

陈述句与疑问句由直接引语变间接引语的方法 直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语的方法 将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动 词之后(that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后也可 省略)。如：He said, I want to buy a dictionary/7 -He said (that) he wanted to buy a dictionary.注：(1)若引述动词用的 是say to sb这样的句型，则通常改为tell sb：: I hope you can come/7 he said to me.— He told me that he hoped I could go- (2) 若直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，要注意在第二个宾 语从句前加连词 that： He said, I am tired and I want to have a rest.—He said that he was tired and that he wanted to have a rest.在此种情况下，引导第一个宾语从句的that 在此种情况下，引导第一个有时可以省略，但引导第=1二个宾语从句的that 在此种情况下，引导第一个有时可以省略，但引导第 =1 二个宾语从句的that通常不省略, 以免误解。 直接引语为一般疑问句时如何变为间接引语的方 法 将直接引语变为由if或whether if引导的宾语 从句跟在引述动词之后：Have you been there? he asked. —He asked if I had been there.注：(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要 用陈述句词序。(2)若直接引语的引述动词为say, 改成间接引语应将其改为asksay等：Do you like it?” he said. —He asked if [whether] I liked it. 直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语的方 法 将直接引语变为由*疑问词〃引导的宾语从句跟在弓I 述动词之后：He said, Jim, when is the next train?” —He asked Jim when the next train was.注：(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用 陈述句词序。(2)若直接引语的引述动词为mes New Roman(2),改成间接引语应将其改为 ask 等：He said, Where is the station?” —He asked where the station was. 直接引语变间接引语的五点变化 (1)时态的变化。直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句 为过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态 往后推一个，艮K 一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般 =1将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行时变为过去进行 时，现在完成时变为过去完成时，一般过去时变为过 去完成时（若直接引语为过去完成时，变为间接引语 时，可以不变），情态动词can, may等分别变为 could, might 等。女口： will rain soon/7 he said.—He said that it would rain that night. She can—He said that it would rain that night. —He said that she could speak French.注：① 若直接引语为客观真理， 则变为间接引语时时态不变。如：The teacher said, The earth turns around the sun/7— The teacher said that the earth turns around the sun.② 有时直接引语有特定的过去 时间状语，变为间接引语时时态可不变。如：He said, My son was born in 1995/r—He said that his son was born in 1995. (2)时 间状语的变化。直接引语变间接引语时，有些时间状 语也要相应的改动： =1 now现在then那时，当时 today今天that day那天 tonight今晚that night那天晚上 this week (month, year)本周(本月，今 年)that week (month, year)上周(上个月， 去年) yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天 the day before yesterday 前天 two days before前两天 last week (month, year)上周(上个月，去 年)the week (month, year) before 前一周 (前一个