胸部放射学征象.ppt

Fundamentals of Chest Roentgenology ;征象（sign）;胸部病变;有关定位的征象;Silhouette Sign (轮廓征);Borders associated lung lobes ;Specific anatomy on PA chest x-ray ;The right heart border is silhouetted out.??This is caused by a pneumonia, can you determine which lobe the pneumonia affects? ;Extrapleural sign (胸膜外征);Pleural Effusion ;Large right pleural effusion - shift of the mediastinal structures AWAY from the side of opacification;Pneumothorax ;Visceral pleural white line marks the edge of the lung;deep sulcus sign (深沟征);Deep Sulcus Sign (yellow arrow). Notice also pneumopericardium (blue arrows) and subcutaneous emphysema (red arrow). ;有关肺实质病变描述;实变（consolidation）;opacification of the right upper lobe, associated with prominent air bronchograms (arrow);Pneumonia of LUL – no shift of the mediastinal structures to either side; multiple air bronchograms;肺不张（atelectasis）;胸部放射学征象;Atelectasis of right lung – shift of the mediastinal structures TOWARD the side of opacification;Right Upper Lobe Collapse;Right Middle Lobe Collapse;Air Bronchogram (支气管气影征);The black branching structures are the result of air in the bronchi, now visible because density other than air surrounds them (in this case it is inflammatory exudate from a pneumonia);This patient has bilateral lower lobe pulmonary edema.? The alveoli are filled with fluid making the bronchi visible as an air bronchogram;胸部放射学征象;Interstitial Lung Disease ;secondary pulmonary lobule;secondary pulmonary lobule;Centrilobular area ;Perilymphatic area;HRCT判读;基本判读;网状阴影 (reticular shadowing);A PA radiograph shows a coarse reticulonodular pattern in both lower lung zones;Linear and reticular opacities;蜂窝影honeycomb shadowing;胸部放射学征象;Interlobular Septal Thickening;磨玻璃征ground-glass opacity;Ground-glass opacity ;胸部放射学征象;A patient with pulmonary hemorrhage focal areas of increased attenuation represent ground-glass opacity Note that vessels are visible within the area of increased opacity. Air bronchograms are visible;Mosaic attenuation;Air