早产儿护理教学查房PPT精品文档.pptVIP

. 新 进 展 早产儿发展性照顾 以早产儿个体生长发育需求为中心 改变NICU环境和照顾方式 保障早产以早产儿个体生长发育需求为中心 发展性照顾的理论依据 早产儿的特点 早产儿子宫内外环境差异 NICU或病室环境的影响 早产儿的行为规律 发展性照顾的实施方法 加强环境管理 合理营养 保持舒适的体位 促进亲子关系的建立 对父母的心理支持 早产儿发展性护理的预期结果 在给予护理及措施时生命体征变化小 在互动时或护理时能维持适当的肤色 促进体重增长，经口喂养开始的时间早 能促进喂食量的消化，减少胃残余量及返流 促进早产儿能出现平滑及协调的肢体活动 能适当的使用自我控制行为应对外界环境的刺激 能运用外界物质安抚自己 能促进治疗，减少住院日和住院费用 能促进治疗，减少住院日和住院费用 根据患儿的情况你能说出护理诊断吗？ 护理诊断 1、体温调节无效 与体温调节功能差有关。 2、营养失调：低于机体需要量 与吸吮、吞咽、消化功能差有关。 3、有感染的危险 与免疫功能低有关。 4、焦虑 与病情危重及预后不良有关。 护理措施 补充 讨论 提问 1、什么是早产儿？ 2、你将通过那几点为患儿进行护理？ 3、暖箱温度根据什么来调节？ 4、早产儿的出院健康教育有哪些？ 总结 掌握早产儿的护理措施 熟悉早产儿定义、早产儿特点 了解早产儿的发展性照顾 谢谢您的呵护 喂养不耐受的判断标准 呕吐＞3次/天；腹胀伴胃肠型；胃残余量≥5ml/kg，或超过上次喂乳量的1/3-1/2，或24小时胃残余量超过喂养总量的1/4. 胃内容物有咖啡样物，大便潜血阳性。 胃内容物为胆汁样、咖啡样、芥末样绿色，则为喂养不耐受。 * * * Clean hands are the single most important factor in preventing the spread of pathogens and antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings. Hand hygiene reduces the incidence of healthcare associated infections. CDC estimates that each year nearly 2 million patients in the United States get an infection in hospitals, and about 90,000 of these patients die as a result of their infection. More widespread use of hand hygiene products that improve adherence to recommended hand hygiene practices will promote patient safety and prevent infections. * There is substantial evidence that hand hygiene reduces the incidence of infections. Semmelweis demonstrated that the mortality rate among mothers who delivered in the First Obstetrics Clinic at the General Hospital of Vienna was significantly lower when hospital staff cleaned their hands with an antiseptic agent than when they washed their hands with plain soap and water. In more recent studies healthcare-associated infection rates were lower when antiseptic handwashing was performed by personnel and went down when adherence to recommended hand hygiene practices improved. * * * * * * * * Healthcare workers should wash hands with soap and water when hands are visibly dirty, contaminated