GRE双语阅读训练第十三弹：心脏病与微生物.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE双语阅读训练第十三弹：心脏病与微生物 GRE双语阅读训练：GRE双语阅读训练第十三弹：心脏病与微生物 GRE考试精品课程训练  Heart disease and the microbiome —— High steaks  心脏疾病与微生物：牛排吃越多，心脏病风险越高  Hardening of the arteries may be caused by a malign interaction of meat-eating and intestinal bacteria  肉食与肠道细菌的恶性作用可能会造成动脉硬化  THOSE who take part in clinical trials often have to do nasty things, from taking new drugs to forgoing sleep.  参加临床试验的受试者常常得要做一些令人难受的事儿，从试用新药到放弃睡眠。  Participants in a trial organised by Stanley Hazen of the Cleveland Clinic, in Ohio, had a decidedly easier task: eating steak.  克里夫兰医学中心的斯坦利 ? 哈森在俄亥俄州组织的临床试验中的受试者所要做的，相对来说要简单的多：吃牛排。  After reading Dr Hazens conclusions, though, they may be inclined to eat rather less of it.  但要是读过哈森博士的实验报告后，他们或许宁愿自己少吃一些。  A link between red-meat consumption and heart disease was perceived by epidemiologists several decades ago, but the nature of this link has never been properly explained.  几十年前就有流行病学家发现心脏疾病与食用红肉有关，但这种关联的原理一直没有得到合理的解释。  Blames finger usually points at saturated fats and cholesterol.  饱和脂肪酸和胆固醇经常被指责为引起心脏疾病的罪魁祸首。  Red meat contains both.  红肉中这两种物质都有。  But a big recent study showed no connection between saturated fat and heart disease, so something else is probably involved.  最近一项大型研究发现饱和脂肪酸并不会引起心脏疾病，很可能是一些其他物质引起的心脏疾病。  Dr Hazen thinks he knows what.  哈森博士认为他发现了这些物质是什么。  As he outlines in a paper just published in Nature Medicine, he believes the blame actually lies with the microbiome — the collection of 100 trillion or so bacteria that live in the human gut.  正如他在《自然医学》上刚发表的文章中所说的那样，他认为罪魁祸首实际上是微生物菌群 - 人体肠道中生存着大约 100 万亿细菌。  Generally, members of the microbiome get on well with their host.  一般来说，肠道菌群可与宿主和谐共处。  They digest complex carbohydrates that human enzymes cannot handle, thus increasing the nutritional value of food.  它们可分解人体中的酶所不能分解的复杂碳水化合物，因而可进一步提高食物的营养价值。  They also fend off infections