Q130-考研英语阅读-2007 text3 全文翻译.pdfVIP

2007 年 Text 3 原文：During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months. 翻译：在上一代人中，原本依靠努力工作和公平竞争就能保持经济状况稳定的美 国中产阶级家庭因经济风险和新的现实状况而发生了变化。现在，一张解雇通知 书，一个恶性诊断结果，或者配偶的离去，都可以使一个稳固的中产阶级家庭在 几个月内成为新的贫困户。 原文：In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today ’s families have budgeted to the limits of theirs new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback—a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up wit extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner. 翻译：仅仅大约一代人的时间里，数百万母亲出去工作，从而改变了基本的家庭 经济结构。各行各业的学者、政策制定者以及批评家都在讨论这些变化的社会意 义，但是很少有人看到其副作用：家庭风险也提高了。如今家庭的开支预算达到 了新的双薪家庭的极限。结果，他们失去了经济困顿时期的“保护伞”——当家 庭主要经济支柱失业或生病时还有候补者(通常是母亲)可以出去工作。“次要工作 者效果”能够加强失业保险或伤残保险提供的安全保障，以帮助家庭渡过难关。 但是如今，家庭财产遭受的巨大损失再也不能通过原来赋闲在家的另一半获得的 工作得以弥补。 原文：During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the hars reality that they may outlive their retirement m