从Framingham研究观高血压治疗策略演变PPT课件.ppt

* 美国危险因素： 中国：危险因素包括：吸烟、脂代谢异常、糖代谢异常、肥胖、缺乏体力活动 * 同样，让烟民戒烟也非常困难。 这是两次EUROASPIRE调查，在欧洲的15个国家进行，纳入了5551个冠心病患者，调查吸烟患者的比例，及出院1.5年后戒烟患者的百分比。 结果显示：冠心病患者出院1.5年后，成功戒烟的患者比例分别为48%及60%，均非常低。 Aims Treatment guidelines for patients with established coronary disease emphasize the importance of smoking cessation. We aimed to study smoking behaviour in European patients, as well as trends in this behaviour over time. We further aimed to evaluate the relation between selected patient characteristics and smoking cessation. Methods and results We studied patients who were enrolled in the second European Action on Secondary Prevention through Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) survey, which was undertaken in 15 European countries during 1999–2000. Consecutive patients, 70 years were identified after coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, admission for myocardial infarction, or admission for myocardial ischaemia. Patients were then interviewed, at a median of 1.5 years after the index event. During the interview, data were collected on a broad range of clinical characteristics, including smoking status, which was validated by breath carbon monoxide levels. The prevalence of smoking was compared with data from the first EUROASPIRE survey, which had a similar design, and was conducted during 1995–96. In EUROASPIRE II, 5551 patients attended the interview and 1172 (21%) were (persistent) smokers. No decrease in smoking prevalence was observed similar to the first survey (19%). The proportion of smokers was 39% in patients aged ,50, 26% in patients aged 50–60, and 14% in patients aged 60. Men and women had similar prevalence. A verbal advice to give up smoking by a medical professional was given to 99% of the 2244 pre-event smokers, and 48% actually stopped. This proportion was relatively high in elderly patients 60 years (53%), patients with a university level of education (56%), and patients with a myocardial infarction as the index event