英语修辞--chiasmus(交错配列法)上课讲义.pptVIP

----By Emily 第一页，共19页。 One should eat to live, not live to eat (吃饭是为了活着，而活着不是为了吃饭) Ask not what your country can do for you ,ask what you can do for your country. (不要(bùyào)问你的祖国能为你做什么，而要问你能为你的祖国做什么) 第二页，共19页。 Chiasmus Definition Structure Function 第三页，共19页。 Definition 1.The word “chiasmus” comes from Greek word “chiasmos”, meaning “cross-wide”. It is a construction involving the repetition of words or syntactic elements in reverse order (a b // b a) 第四页，共19页。 2. A device that consists of two balanced statements , the second of which reverses the order of the words in the first ,with or without a repetition of words 即在两个句法上平行并列的短语或句子中，后项 以相反(xiāngfǎn)的顺序重复前项的词语 第五页，共19页。 1. One should eat to live, not live to eat. (吃饭是为了活着(huó zhe)，而活着(huó zhe)不是为了吃饭) 2. For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways. （我的想法不同于你的想法，正如你处事的方式不同于我的方式一样） 第六页，共19页。 Structure Repetition of the words in reverse order Repetition of the syntactic elements in reverse order 第七页，共19页。 Repetition of the words in reverse order 1.Trifles make perfection, and perfection in no trifle. 2 Home is where the great are a small , and the small are great. b b a 英语(yīnɡ yǔ)中的chiasmus 的奇 特之处在于“用X标记”的特征或a b//b a 的格式 第八页，共19页。 Antistrophe Chiasmus Antistrophe: a kind of repetition, which repeat the words in reversed order and also name chiasmus a. Man can be destroyed but not defeated, man can be defeated but not destroyed (人可以被毁灭(huǐmiè)但不能被打败，人可以被打败但不能被毁灭(huǐmiè)。) b. . Love makes time pass, time makes love pass (爱情让时间消逝，时间让爱情消逝) 第九页，共19页。 Repetition of the syntactic elements in reverse order. 1.He was an angel on the surface, but at heart a knave. 2.To stop to fearful, and too faint to go. 3. Forty is the old age of youth ; fifty is the youth of old age. (Victor Hugo) 4.Whether we bring ou