牛津高中英语模块一语法整理.pdf

. 牛津英语模块一语法 定语从句（ 1） 1 关系代词在定语从句中的使用 除了形容词， 名词等作定语来修饰名词或代词， 句子也可以作定语， 我们称作定语的句子 为定语从句。 先看这样的两个句子： This man is my English teacher. He is standing at the door. 如果想把这两个句子合成一个句子， 我们可将第二句转换成定语从句来修饰 the man，即： The man that/who is standing at the door is my English teacher. 这个句子中， that/who is standing at the door 充当了 the man 的定语，它就是定语从句；而 被修饰的 the man 叫作先行词， that/who 是关系代词。 2 关系代词 that ，which, who, whom, whose 的区别 （1）当先行词是‘人’时： ①关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，用 that/who Is he the man who/that told you the news? ②关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，用 whom/that/who, 也可以省略 The boy (whom/that/who) I talked to yesterday is my brother. （2 ）当先行词是‘物’时：可用关系代词 that/which 来充当主语或宾语 This is a book which/that talks about geography. 综上所述， that 既可指 ‘人’，也可指 ‘物’，而 which 只可指 ‘物’，who/whom 只可指 ‘人’； who/that/which 都可作主语或宾语，而 whom 只能作宾语； whose 在定语从句中必须放在一 个名词前作定语 The book whose cover is red can ’t be found now. 3 只能用 that 引导定语从句的情况 （1）当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时 This is the best dictionary that I ’ve ever used. The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. （2 ）当先行词被 all, some, any, no, little, much 等修饰或者先行词为 all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时 All that she lacked was training. She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. （3 ）当先行词既有人又有物时 They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. （4 ）当先行词被 the last, the only, the very 等修饰时 This is the only example that I know. This is one of the very books that I am looking for. （5 ）当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用 that China is not the country (that) i