纯猪粪堆肥发酵菌的分离、鉴定及效能比对.doc

纯猪粪堆肥发酵菌的分离、鉴定及效能比对 摘 要：为了筛选出能直接用于新鲜纯猪粪堆肥发酵的功能菌，从发酵猪粪中分离出8株可能对猪粪发酵有促进作用的菌株，对其进行16S rDNA分子生物学鉴定及同源性分析，确定其为枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、肠杆菌属、包特氏菌属、拟诺卡氏菌属、微杆菌，分属于5个属、6个种。研究各菌应用于纯猪粪堆肥的催腐熟效果。结果表明：枯草芽孢杆菌和肠杆菌属可提高堆体发酵温度，增加高温持续时间（＞50℃）、降低腐熟后堆体水分含量，降低堆体发酵初期的pH值，增加全氮相对含量，加快C/N比的下降速度，促进堆肥腐熟进程，可作为纯猪粪堆肥发酵的优良菌种；地衣芽孢杆菌提高堆体发酵温度，降低腐熟后堆体水分含量，加快C/N比的下降速度，但需在堆肥初期适当降低堆体温度，以提高其堆肥功效；拟诺卡氏菌属提高了堆体发酵温度，降低了堆体的水分含量，可作为纯猪粪发酵菌的辅助菌种使用；包特氏菌属和微杆菌可以提高堆体发酵温度，但其余 关键词：堆肥 16S rDNA 鉴定 猪粪 细菌 Isolation,identification and effectiveness comparison of composting pure swine manure fermentation microorganism Abstract: In order to screen the strain that can be applied in pure swine manure composting,Eight strains,which can grow in swine manure medium,have been separated from composting manure.Those isolated strains were preliminary identified into 5genera,6 strains by applying the method of 16S rDNA Molecular Identifications,those strains were Bacillus subtilis,Enterobacter sp.,Bacillus licheniformis, Bordetella petrii, Nocardiopsis sp, Microbacterium sp.The maturity indices of composting pure swine manure inoculating those strains were investigated respectively, the results show that inoculating strains Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter sp. could enhance the fermentation temperature at the initial stage, enhance duration time of high temperature( 50 ℃) and content of total nitrogen(T-N),reduce moisture and C/N ratios ,also initial pH value, promote composting process, They are the good bacteria to fermented pure swine manure;Inoculating strain Bacillus licheniformis could enhance the fermentation temperature, reduce moisture and C/N ratios,but it must to be reduced the fermentation temperature appropriately during composting at the initial stage to enhance the effectiveness of composting.Also inoculating strain Nocardiopsis sp. could enhance the fermentation temperature, reduce the moisture ratio, so it could be applied as an auxiliary fermenting bacteria.Though inoculating strains Nocardiopsis sp.and Microbacterium sp. coul