生理细胞的基本功能.pptxVIP

会计学 1 生理细胞的基本功能 Fluid mosaic model of membrane 第1页/共52页 * Simple diffusion its energy source O2, CO2, NH3, NO, etc. * Facilitated diffusion its characteristics Facilitated diffusion via ion channel Chemically gated channel Voltage-gated channel Mechanically gated channel Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl channel Facilitated diffusion via carrier Glucose, amino acids, some ions, etc. 第2页/共52页 Facilitated diffusion via ion channel 第3页/共52页 Facilitated diffusion via carrier 第4页/共52页 * Active transport Sodium-potassium pump its effects Other pumps: calcium pump, proton pump * Secondary active transport Membrane protein: pump+transporter Forms: symport antiport * Exocytosis endocytosis Exocytosis: cell secretion Endocytosis: phagocytosis Receptor mediated endocytosis 第5页/共52页 Sodium-potassium pump 第6页/共52页 Secondary active transport 第7页/共52页 Exocytosis endocytosis 第8页/共52页 Receptor mediated endocytosis 第9页/共52页 § 2. Transmembrane signal transduction  Concept  Several main forms * Mediated by ion channel * Mediated by G-protein coupled receptor * Mediated by tyrosine kinase receptor * Mediated by intercellular channel * Mediated by nitric oxide  Cellular proto-oncogene Mediate-early gene 第10页/共52页 * Mediated by ion channel Ionotropic receptor * Mediated by G-protein coupled receptor Metabotropic receptor, G-protein, effecter enzyme AC-cAMP-PKA PLC-IP3-Ca2+-CaM PLC-DG-PKC G-protein-ion channel * Mediated by tyrosine kinase receptor Tyrosine kinase receptor receptor-associated tyrosine kinase 第11页/共52页 A model of G-protein coupled receptor 第12页/共52页 G-protein coupled receptor mediated transduction 第13页/共52页 Tyrosine kinase receptor mediated transduction 第14页/共52页 § 3. Bioelectrical phenomena of the cell  Several basic concepts * Excitability * Excitable cells or