外研高中英语必修第三册Unit 3 The world of science Using language Present Prefect Passive课件.pptxVIP

Welcome !Thanks for your time！ 现在完成时的被动语态 Unit 3Unit 3The world of science present prefect passive现在完成时的被动语态To know the usage of present prefect passive.1. passive adj. 被动的2. beyond prep. 无法......3. instance n. 例子；实例4. significant adj. 重要的； 影响深远的5. injure v. 使受伤；弄伤Do you know the structures and meanings of the present perfect tense and passive voice?现在完成时 have/has + done (v-ed)表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响;表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。被动语态助动词be +及物动词的过去分词be随主语的人称、数和时态的变化而变化。当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动语态。am/is are doneam/is/are being donehave/has donewill be donewas/were donewas/were being donehad been donewould be doneHow do we form the present perfect passive voice? Fill in the blank.Activehave /has + v-edVerb formhave / has + been + v-edPassive一. 现在完成时的被动的结构肯定式：have/has + been + v-ed否定式：have/has + not + been + v-ed一般疑问句：Have/Has +主语+ been +v-ed?特殊疑问句：疑问词+have/has +been+ v-ed?The bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed.黄河上的这座桥刚刚建成。 The second-hand car has not been sold.这辆二手汽车还没有卖出去。--Has her work been finished? 她的工作完成了吗？ ---Yes, it has.How long has the machine been used?这台机器使用多久了？二．现在完成时的被动语态的用法：1. 表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语so far, by now, up till now, since等连用。eg: The room has already been cleaned。 这个房间已经被打扫干净了。 (现在已经不用打扫房间了) The doctor hasnt been sent for yet。还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)2.表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与 for 或 since 等引出的时间状语(从句) 连用，或用于how long引出的句子中。eg: The machine has been repaired for two hours这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被维修)How long has the project been carried out?这项工程已经实施多长时间了?(可能还会继续实施)【注意】3. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态。happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.三. 现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时被动语态的区别。 一般过去时被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响； 现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。e.g. The machine has been repaired． 机器已经修好了。 (说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，修好了。) The machine was rep