人文地理学人地关系研究的科学（课堂PPT）.pptVIP

人文地理学——人地关系研究的科学;主要内容;引言 Introduction;一、什么是地理学？;1、中国地理学的发端;2、地理学的发端;3、地理学定义的变化;3、地理学定义的变化;3、地理学定义的变化;10;地图的思想;大尺度天气图;地理信息系统;人与环境的关系;水分平衡气候学思想;人类对地球的改变;功能区思想;中心地理论;城市群;10、地方感;二、人文地理学的性质 Characters of human geography;1、地理学形成及分化 Formation and differentiation of geography 地理学（geography）是希腊语中关于地球和书写两个词复合词，主要研究人类生活空间的地球表面（Haggett，1990）。 Geography mainly studies the earth sphere that people live in. 大学地理学的发展一开始就受到自然科学和人文社会科学两大类学科分化的影响，研究自然环境的地理学称为“自然地理学”，研究人工环境的称“人文地理学”。 Geography studied in university had ramifications about “physical geography” and “human geography” because its development had been affected by the differentiation of natural science and social science from the beginning.;2、人文地理学的性质;三、人文地理学的发展Development of human geography ;18世纪后期到19世纪早期，德国和法国的人文地理学萌芽 From late 1800s to early 1900s, human geography germinated in German and France. 1918－1939，两次世界大战之间，处在早期调查阶段 From 1918 to1939, the progress of human geography was in the period of early survey. 二战后，主要从1960年代起，人文地理学与其他社会科学互动与接轨，实现了从区域描述到诠释人与社会、人与环境、及人与地点或地方关系的转变。 After the world War II, especially from the 1960s, human geography had interacted and linked up with other social sciences. It changed into interpreting the relationship between human and society, human and environment, human and site or place, while in the early time, it mainly aimed to describe region and place.;20世纪60-70年代，地理学的数量革命涉及到 “社会经济”的诸多主题，为后来的诸如人口、社会、城市、经济、工业和农业地理学等一些专门人文地理学学科的发展奠定了基础。 From 1960s to 1970s, quantitative revolution in geography stepped into many themes of social sciences.It contributed to the development of many human geography specialties such as population geography,social geography,urban geography,economic geography,industrial geography and agricultural geography. 20世纪70-80年代，世界人文地理学出现了两个主要趋势：内部的专门化和哲学上的多元化。 From 1970s to 1980s, two important trends of the world human geography, inner specialization and philosophical diversity, had come into being. ;1980年代以来，西方人文地理学从哲学角度可以归结为实证主义、人文主义