初中英语动词不定式.ppt

;动词形式基本分类（除去时态）;不定式的结构： ; He told me not to close the door. He asked me not to close the door.;不定式的特点： She wanted to be a teacher. We decide to give some money to the poor. ;不定式的句法功能： 动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能, 可在句中 用做多种句子成分。 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 　; 句子的基本结构: To learn English is easy. To get up early is important . ;主语过长，头重脚轻。用it代替其做形式主语。 常见句型： It’s + adj+ to do sth. 学英语很容易。 早起是重要的。 对我们来说学英语很容易。 对他来说早起是重要的。 以前还学过类似的句子： It’s very kind of you to help me. It’s nice of him to take care of his young brother. ;区别： It’s + adj+ for sb. to do sth. It’s + adj+ of sb. to do sth. 注: for形容词修饰的是动作；of形容的是人： ;;;特殊句式： 在find／feel＋it＋adj.＋ to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 The man found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． ; 宾语补足语 (1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to： 　 tell, ask, want, order, teach, invite, warn, wish, help, get, wish, 等词后面常接不定式作宾补。 例: I asked a friend to read it to me． 　 I tell him not to go there by bus ． 　 Edison‘s mother taught him to read and write． (2) 在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(feel, listen to, hear, make, let, have, notice, see, watch, find, help等)后不带to 的不定式作宾补。如： The boss makes them work 16 hours a day． I heard her sing in the next room． ;表 语 主语+系动词+表语 His wish is to become a scientist． Our duty is to protect the environment. 判断： My work is __________(teach) in this school now. I __________ (teach) in this school now.;定语 动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词 、代词的后面。 例: He is the first person to sail around the world. I have a lot of work to do． The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy． ; 作状语 a.目的状语: 放在go, come, use, live, in order等词后面.如： I come to see you． He runs fa