lesson3-生物专业英语.pptVIP

Lesson3-生物专业英语 Organisms whose cells contain two sets of parental[p??rentl] chromosomes are called diploid; those with cells containing a single set of parental chromosomes are called haploid. 生物体内的细胞含有两套父母本染色体的称二倍体；含有单套染色体的称单倍体。 多倍体：带有两套以上同源染色体的细胞或个体。 Lesson3-生物专业英语 2 The cell cycle The cycle is divided into distinct phases: G1 (gap 1) S (synthesis), G2 (gap 2),and M (mitosis).  As you can see, mitosis only occupies（占据） a fraction（小部分） of the cycle. The rest of the time - phases G1 through G2 - is known as interphase. Lesson3-生物专业英语 2 The cell cycle Lesson3-生物专业英语 regular 有规律的 divide 划分 分离 repeat vt. 重复 in effect 实际上 single-celled 单细胞的 immortal [i?m?:tl] adj. 不死的；永恒的 multicellular [?m?lti?seljul?]多细胞的 muscle [?m?sl] n. 肌肉 nerve [n?:v] n. 神经 altogether 完全地 division [di?vi??n] 分开 Lesson3-生物专业英语 The cell cycle is a regular sequence in which the cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells, each of which then repeats the cycle. Such cycling in effect makes single-celled organisms immortal. 在细胞生长过程中，细胞循环遵循固定程序，首先进行分裂准备，分裂成2个子细胞，子细胞再循环。此循环的存在让单细胞生物得以“长生不死”。 Lesson3-生物专业英语 Many cells in multicellular organisms, including animal muscle and nerve cells, either slow the cycle or break out of it altogether. 多细胞生物中的许多细胞，包括动物肌细胞和神经细胞，要么细胞循环速度降低，要么全部从这个循环中脱离。 Lesson3-生物专业英语 metabolism[mai?t?b??l?z?m]n. 新陈代谢 replicate[?repl??ke?t]vt. 复制 histone [?hist?un] 组蛋白 synthesize[?s?nθ??sa?z] vi. 合成 interphase [?int?(:)feiz]n. （细胞的）间期 mitosis[英] [mi?t?usis] [美] [ma??tos?s] condense [k?n?dens] vt.变稠或变浓，浓缩 property [?pr?p?ti] n. 特性，属性 inhibitor [in?hibit?] n. 抑制剂 chalones抑素 Lesson3-生物专业英语 The normal cell cycle consists of four phases. The first three include G1, the period [?pi?ri?d] of normal metabolism; S phase, during which normal synthesis of biological molecules continues, DNA is replicated, and histones are synthesized; and G2, a brief period of metabolism and additional growth. Together the G1, S, and G2 phases are called inte