笔译基础下次更新.pptxVIP

第1页/共80页1.正确理解词语意义。2.将词语意义明确化。3.注意词义的褒贬。4.去掉不恰当的夸张。5.注意用词的语气轻重。6.注意积累词语的惯用法。7.避免重复用词。第一页，编辑于星期三：十四点 五十九分。第2页/共80页1.正确理解词语意义。原因:词语意义不能单从字面理解，要放在上下文中进行推敲。例如“吃”，就不能单纯的翻译成“eat”。1)这药一天吃三次。 The medicine is to be taken three times a day.2)他如此专注于实验，以至于从早晨到现在还没吃过一口东西。 He is so absorbed in the experiment so that he hasn’t had a bite since morning.3)牛群在大声地嚼吃着饲料。 The cattle were munching their fodder. (to eat sth very noisily)第二页，编辑于星期三：十四点 五十九分。第3页/共80页4)那人一口气吃完了一碗稀饭。 The man gulped down a bowl of porridge. (to swallow large amounts of food or drink sth quickly)5)我们匆匆地吃了几口饭就继续前进了。 We bolted a few mouthful of food and hurried on. (to eat sth very quickly)6)那个饥饿的孩子狼吞虎咽地吃完了饭。The hungry boy devoured (wolfed) his dinner. (to eat all of things quickly especially when you are hungry)7)我总吃不惯生冷的东西。 Cold and raw things never agree with me.第三页，编辑于星期三：十四点 五十九分。第4页/共80页8)我不是特别爱吃生蒜。I am not especially fond of raw garlic.9)谢谢，我已经吃饱了。Thanks, I’ve really had enough.10)他只是吃素的。 He takes only vegetarian food.11)这碗饭不容易吃。This is a hard way to earn a living.第四页，编辑于星期三：十四点 五十九分。第5页/共80页12)这孩子还不会自己吃饭。 The baby can’t feed itself yet.13)他们现在不愁吃，不愁穿。They don’t have to worry about food and clothing now.14)我们吃了一顿极好的咖喱饭。 We enjoyed a superb curry lunch.第五页，编辑于星期三：十四点 五十九分。第6页/共80页2.将词语意义明确化。原因:对于汉语中有些语义较宽的词语，在结合上下文考虑之后，要将语义尽可能变窄，使之符合语境。 1)发展才是硬道理。 Development is the absolute principle.(析:将“硬”译成“primary”，“basic”, “major”,“ cardinal”过于模糊，不如“absolute”：definite and without any doubt or confusion)2)我们搞社会主义才几十年，还处在初级阶段。We have been building socialism for a few decades and are still in the primary stage.(析：“搞”如果用have practiced 给人感觉“社会主义已经建立，早已完善”，文中并非此意)第六页，编辑于星期三：十四点 五十九分。第7页/共80页 3)低速度就等于停步，甚至等于后退。要抓住机会，现在就是一个机会。Slow growth equals stagnation and even retrogression. We must grasp opportunity and the present offers an excellent one. (析:文中“速度”是与“经济”相关的，如果用“low speed”不如用“slow growth/development”来得具体。)4)依法查办大案、要案，惩处一批腐败分子。Major and key criminal cases were handled timely in accordance with the law and a number of co