初中英语上海中考自招讲义7动词时态和语态.docVIP

初中英语上海中考自招讲义-7-动词的时态和语态 初中英语上海中考自招讲义-7-动词的时态和语态 PAGE / NUMPAGES 初中英语上海中考自招讲义-7-动词的时态和语态 课程主 题： 自招系列讲义 7 讲课时间： 学习目标 掌握时态和语态的详细用法，综合能力训练 教课内容 知识点一 时态 定义：表示不一样时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间分为此刻、过去、 未来和过去未来四种形式。动作发生的方式可分为一般时、达成时、进行时和达成进行时四种形式。 一般时 达成时 进行时 达成进行时 此刻 do have done is doing have been doing 过去 did had done was doing had been doing 未来 will do will have done will be doing will have been doing 过去未来 would do would have done would be doing would have been doing ■ 最常有的几种时态与时间状语的搭配 一般此刻时 often, always, usually, sometimes, on Sunday, every... , at weekends, once in a while, three times a day 此刻进行时 right now, at this moment, at present, for the time being, this year, always .. . 此刻达成时 for, since, so far, in/over/during the past/last few years, lately, recently, just, up to now, up till now, already, yet, ever, never, twice, three times, before . . . 此刻达成进行时 all the time. all this morning, for, since, in the past few years . . . 一般过去时 yesterday, last . . . , the day before yesterday, . . . ago, in 2017, in the past, the other day, just now, once upon a time ... 过去进行时 at 9 last night, then, this morning, at that time/moment, this time yesterday, last year, always . . . 1 过去达成时 过去未来时 一般未来时 未来进行时  by+ 进去时间 , by then, by the end of+ 过去时间 ,by the time you did... later, soon, the next ( day) .. . tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in 2020 , in a few years, in future, soon, next ... , another day . . . at 9 tomorrow, then, this time tomorrow, next year . . . 未来达成时 by+ 未来时间， by then， by the end of+ 未来时间， by the time you do ■动词被动语态的用法：被动构造 “ be+过去分词 ” (1)主动形式表示被动意义。动词 want ，need， require， deserve 表示 “需要、值得 ”，后用动名词的主动形式表被动。 The children need looking after. 孩子们需要照顾。 The naughty boy deserved punishing. 这个调皮的孩子应当遇到处罚。 (2) 以下由及物动词转变来的不及物动词，在主语是物的句子中主动形式表被动，并常与副词 well ， easily ， smoothly 等连用。 The cloth washes/sells well. 这布很耐洗 /很热销。 This pair of glasses wears comfortably ．这副眼镜戴起来很舒畅。 (3)有些动词既可当及物动词又可当不及物动词。 begin, break, burst, change. continue, drop, improve, increase,