It作形式主语讲解.doc.ppt

It做形式主语 主讲人：欧云塔娜 ? It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language. ? It’s a waste of time talking to her any more. ? It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. 动词不定式 动名词 从 句 形式主语 什么是形式主语？ 形式主语是指不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中做主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，it作形式主语代替不定式、动名词、从句，置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 It is easy to become addicted to smoking . it is no good crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收) It is amazing that at my age I am still fit . It 作形式主语代替不定式、动词-ing短语或从句 adj p.p n + (for/of sb) to do sth doing sth 主语从句 It be + 1、It +be+形容词 + （for sb.）不定式短语 ①、it代替不定式短语 例1：It is wrong to tell a lie. It为to tell a lie的形式主语 例2：It is difficult to climb a mountain. It为to climb a mountain的形式主语 例3：It is a good habit to do morning exercises. It为to do morning exercises 的形式主语 1、It + be + adj +(for sb. / of sb./名词词组) + to do sth. a:It +be +adj +for sb to do sth 该句型中的adj通常是表示事物的特点或特征的，如 difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等时，用for；意为做某事时是... eg: It is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign language. b、It+ be +adj+of sb to do sth 该句型中的adj通常用来表示人的性格特征或特点的，如 nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever， careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful， grateful等时，要用 of。意为某人做某事,某人是... eg:It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance. c: It + be +名词词组+动词不定式 eg. It is not a good habit to stay up too late. 常见句型： It takes/took sb. some time/money to do sth. 2、It +be+动名词短语 ②it代替动名词ing形式 常见句型：It is no good（use）doing sth. 例1：It is no use learning without thinking学而不思则罔=There is no use (in) learning without thinking.真正的主语为learning without thinking. 例2：It is no good crying over spilt milk. 真正的主语为crying over spilt milk. 3、It + be + that从句 ③it代替that从句 a: It + be +adj.+that从句 （这是that从句中最常用的一种） 如若形容词为 important / necessary， good/wrong ...表达一种要求，命令或者责备时，多使用虚拟语气（should +V). 1、It is time +that sb. +v-ed/ should do 1、It is time +that sb. +v-ed/ should do eg. It’s t