被动语态专项练习附答案.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 15 初中英语被动语态专项讲解 一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。)各种时态的被动语态构成： 1.一般现在时：am／is／are＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：Im asked to take care of myself. ?Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时：was／were＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：This house was built in 1958. ? His leg was broken in an accident. 3.一般将来时：will／shall be＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：More factories will be built in our city. ? He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时：am／is／are being＋及物动词的过去分词. Eg：?A road is being built around the mountain. ?Many new houses are being built in this cit 5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词? Eg：The meeting was being held when I was there. ? We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时：have／has been＋及物动词的过去分词 Eg：His book has been translated into many foreign languages. ?The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词 Eg：A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 Eg：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 4.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 Eg： We can repair this watch in two days. → This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. → It should be done at once. The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 六．可与被动语态连用的介词 在被动语态的句子中，常用介词by引出动作的发出者，实际上同被动语态连用的介词除by以外还有很多。 1.表示谓语动词的动作是为谁或为何目的而发生的要用介词for。(be used for sth /doing sth 被用于…被用于做…) Eg:1.This new bike was bought for you . 2.Stamps are used for sending letters . 2.表示动作发出者所使用的工具或强调状态时应用介词with Eg：1.The trees were cut down with a knife . 2.The bottle is filled with orange . 3.表示“被作为…(发生)”应用介词as （be used as 被作为…使用） Eg：English is used as a first language in Canada. 4.在be well-known 后应用介词to，表示“被…所熟知” Eg：The Great Wall is well-known to everyone in the world . 5.在be made 后可用多个介词表示不同的意义 1).be made in 表示“在某地制造” Eg：This Tv set is ma