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- 2022-03-28 发布于湖北
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定语从句学习
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
【语境展示】 请仔细阅读以下句子,然后完成以下问题。
1. Everyone who / that knew him liked him.
2. Do you know that girl whom / who / that I talked with just now?
3. China is a developing country which has a population of more than 1.3 billion.
4. A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read.
5. This is the scientist whose achievements are well-known.
6. I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
【自我归纳】
关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose都可以引导定语从句,使用时我们应注意:
1. 先行词如果是“人〞,且关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,用 , who。如句1。
2. 先行词如果是“人〞,且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,用whom, that, who,通常可省略。如句 。
3. 先行词如果是“ 〞时,可用关系代词that或which来充当从句的主语或宾语,如句3、句4。
4. whose是属格,在定语从句中作定语,可指人,有时也可指物。如句5、句 。
Key: that; 2; 物;6
二、关系副词、“介词 + 关系代词〞引导的定语从句
【语境展示】 请仔细阅读以下句子,然后完成以下问题。
1. He came last night when I was out.
2. She lives in a village where it is neither cold nor hot all the year round.
3. That is no reason why you should leave.
4. The house where / in which he lived for ten years was burned down.
5. The reason why / for which he was late was that he didn’t catch the train.
6. The policeman with whom Mr. Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.
【自我归纳】
1. when通常用于表示时间的名词后引导定语从句,且在从句中作 ,如句1。
2. where通常用于表示地点的名词后引导定语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,如句2
3. why通常用于reason后引导定语从句,且在从句中作原因状语,如句3。
4. 引导定语从句时,关系副词一般可以转化为“介词 + 关系代词〞,即when / where可以转化为on / at / in等 + which,why可以转化为for which,如句 、句5。
5. 指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在定语从句中作介词 时,可以把介词置于从句之首,即which,whom之前,如句6。
Key: 时间状语; 4; 宾语
【注意】
在以下几种情况,定语从句通常只用that引导:
1. 领先行词前有序数词或者形容词的最高级修饰时。如:
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
2. 领先行词被不定代词all, little, much, something, nothing, anything等修饰时。如:
I have remembered all the new words that we should remember today.
3. 领先行词被the only, the very等修饰时。如:
This is the very person that I’m looking for.
4. 领先行词中既有人又有物时。如:
They are talking about the people and the things that they met in Paris.
5. 假设句中已经有了who等时,为了防止重复,通常用that引导。如:
Who is the man that won th
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