婴幼儿误食中毒18例原因分析及预防.docVIP

婴幼儿误食中毒18例原因分析及预防 [摘要] 目的 了解本地区婴幼儿误食中毒情况和原因，为防治误食中毒提供参考。方法 对我院2021年1月-2021年12月收治的18例婴幼儿误食中毒资料进行多因素分析。结果 本组18例患者中男孩多于女孩，平均年龄2.1岁。毒物种类有6种，主要毒物为有机磷农药和亚硝酸盐，其次为毒鼠强。自行服用为主要中毒原因，中毒患者以留守儿童居多。治愈１２例，好转4例，死亡２例。矿泉水瓶等盛装容器的不当使用是主要原因，其次是由于毒物的存放地点不当。结论　应进一步提高医师对婴幼儿误食中毒的认识及救治水平，加强留守儿童的看管和对广大农村及社区的安全教育，以及农药的安全管理是预防婴幼儿误食中毒的关键。 [关键词]　婴幼儿中毒；误食；防治 Infants eating by mistake causes analysis of 18 cases of poisoning and its prevention [Abstract] Objective To understand the causes of infant eating poison in the region, provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of eating poisoned by mistake. Methods January 2021-December 2021 in our hospital admitted to multiple factors analysis on 18 cases of infant eating poison information. Results In this group of 18 example patient the boy is more than the girl, and 2.1 years average age. The poison type has 6 kinds, and the major poison for organophosphorus pesticide and nitrate, Followed by tetramine. Taken on their own as the main cause of poisoning, Mostly poisoning patients to the left-behind children. Cure for 12 cases, improved 4 cases, 2 deaths. Improper use of containers such as mineral water bottles is the main reason. Secondly, is due to improper location of the poison. Conclusions It is supposed further improve the level of physician understanding and treatment of infants and young children eating poisoned. Strengthening of left-behind children in custody and security for rural and community education, safety and pesticide management is the key to prevention of infant eating poison. [Key words] Infants Poisoned; Eats by Mistake; Prevention and Treatment  小儿中毒常为急性中毒，与周围环境密切相关。自杀是成人中毒的主要原因[1]，而婴幼儿由于自我识别能力差，误食中毒却是儿科常见的中毒原因。婴幼儿中毒症状相对成人重，为保障婴幼儿安全，加强预防管理工作，现对2021年1月-2021年12月我院收治的18例误食中毒患儿的原因分析及预防报告如下： 1临床资料 1.1 一般资料 男，11例，女，7例；年龄10月-3岁，平均2.1岁；中毒种类为6种，其中有机磷农药4例、亚硝酸盐4例、毒鼠强3例、桐油2例、降压药1例、百草枯1例、香蕉水1例；自行服用16例，家长误取2例，其中留守儿童8例。 1.2 临床表现：因中毒原因、剂量及就诊时间早晚不同，差异很大，临床表现轻重不一，其中休克表现两例，呼吸衰竭两例。 1.3治疗 给予洗胃、补液，及时使用解毒药物对症处理，百草枯病例给予血液灌流。经积极治疗治愈1