专转本英语语法之定语从句.ppt

一、关系代词引出定语从句 3. who引导定语从句时，用来指代表示人的意义的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语，如： The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的那些男生是一班的。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷了路的老人。 I have found a man who can repair my watch. 我已经找到了一个会修我的手表的人了。 The man who often comes is Tom’s brother. 经常来的那个人是Tom的哥哥。 I have no idea about the man who wrote the letter. 我不知道写信的人是谁。 一、关系代词引出定语从句 4. whom引导定语从句时，可用于指代表示人的意义的先行词，这和who功能一样，不同的是，who在定语从句中一般充当主语，而whom代替先行词在定语从句中一般做动词或介词的宾语。如： Yesterday I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party. 昨天在购物中心，我碰巧遇见了一位我在聚会上认识的教授。 The man whom you met just now is my old friend. 你刚才碰见的那个人是我的老朋友。 Li Ming is just the boy whom I want to see. 李明正是我想见的男孩。 Mr. Liu is the man whom they talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是他们在公交车上谈论的那个人。 一、关系代词引出定语从句 5. whose引导定语从句时，用于指代表示人或物的意义的先行词，在定语从句中充当定语，往往与它所修饰的名词一起构成一个名词短语在定语从句中充当成分。Whose常表达“某人的、某物的”，如： Do you know the name of the girl whose brother is your roommate? 那个女生她哥哥与你同寝室，你知道她的名字么？ She lives in the house whose door is broken. 她住在那个门已经损坏了的房子里。 A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan. 父母双方都已经去世的小孩子称为孤儿。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一位全国知名的科学家。 Do you like the book whose cover is blue? 你喜欢那本封面是蓝色的书么？ 二、关系代词的省略 关系代词将先行词的意义代入到定语从句中，并且在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。如果关系代词在定语从句中充当动词或介词的宾语，则关系代词可以省略，省略的可以是which，that，whom， She has thrown away the present (which) I gave him on his birthday. 她过生日时我送给她的礼物她已经扔掉了。 The story (which) he told me yesterday was very interesting. 昨天他跟我讲的那个故事很有趣。 I still remember the matter (which) he referred to at the meeting. 我还记得他在会上提到的那件事。 Those points (that) he mentioned just now were very important. 他刚才提到的那些要点非常重要。 三、关系副词引出定语从句 关系副词when(指代时间)，where(指代地点)，why(指代原因)等引导出的定语从句分别用来修饰表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。如： At the time when I saw him, he was in good condition. This is the place where the accident happened last night. That is the reason why I am not in favor of your plan. 请记住：副词引导定语从句的时候， when/wher